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. 2023 Apr 14;14:2122. doi: 10.1038/s41467-023-37807-z

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© The Author(s) 2023

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Fig. 1 — a EO771 (top) or PyMT (bottom) mammary tumors orthotopically engrafted in control versus Dnmt1^iECKO mice. Tumor volumes were measured every other day with calipers (EO771; n = 11, control and n = 9, Dnmt1^iECKO:PyMT; n = 8, control and n = 8, Dnmt1^iECKO). For EO771, results were statistically significant beginning at day 15; for PyMT results were statistically significant beginning on day 16. Results were analyzed using ANOVA and Sidak’s multiple comparisons test. b ZsGreen⁺ tumor vasculature from the indicated mice. Boxed areas at right were zoomed 5× for detail and converted to an 8-bit binary image, and then inverted to reveal lateral branches/filopodia. Arrowheads point to either highly branched or straighter and narrower vessels in control versus Dnmt1^iECKO mice, respectively. Scale bars = 100 μm. c Quantification of vessel branch length presented as a dot plot or histogram to show the distribution of branch lengths and numbers of branches (n = 3 individual tumors and nine histological sections per group). Results were analyzed using Student’s t test. d Identification of pericytes in tumors using αSMA. Boxed areas were zoomed 5× and are shown at far right for detail. Scale bars = 100 μm. e Quantification of pericyte:EC distance (left) and total pericyte coverage (right) for control versus Dnmt1^iECKO mice (n = 3 individual tumors and nine histological sections per group). Results were analyzed using Student’s t test. f Extravascular TRITC-dextran quantified from cryosections using n = 3 mice per group. Results were analyzed using Student’s t test. g Tumor nodule radius (left) and total number of tumor nodules formed by mCherry⁺ EO771 cancer cells injected via the tail vein in the indicated mice (n = 4 mice per group). Results were analyzed using Student’s t test. h Number of vessel branches in areas of normal lung versus areas containing mCherry⁺ tumor nodules in the indicated mice (n = 3 individual tumors and nine histological sections per group). All Student’s t tests are unpaired and two-tailed. All data are presented as mean ± STD. Source data are provided as a Source Data file.