Table 5.

Treatment outcomes and adverse events after propensity score matching

	Sedation	Nonsedation	P value
Number of patients (N)	133	133
Successful endoscopic hemostasis	123 (92.5%)	123 (92.5%)	1.00
Mean procedure time (min)	17.6 ± 10.0	20.2 ± 10.2	0.04
Time to emergency endoscopy ≤ 3 h	88 (66.2%)	86 (64.7%)	0.90
Main modality of hemostasis
Soft coagulation	63 (47.4%)	63 (47.4%)	1.00
EVL	23 (17.3%)	14 (10.6%)	0.16
Thrombin spraying	17 (12.8%)	14 (10.6%)
Hemoclips	12 (9.0%)	16 (12.0%)
APC	3 (2.3%)	4 (3.0%)
HSE	1 (0.8%)	3 (2.2%)
EMR	2 (1.5%)	0 (0%)
EIS	2 (1.5%)	0 (0%)
Operator of hemostasis
Trainees	77 (57.9%)	89 (66.9%)	0.16
Specialists	56 (42.1%)	44 (33.1%)
Surgery performed	0 (0%)	0 (0%)	1.00
IVR performed	3 (2.3%)	0 (0%)	0.25
Adverse events
Hypotension	4 (3.0%)	7 (5.3%)	0.54
Bradycardia	3 (2.3%)	3 (2.3%)	1.00
Hypoxia	2 (1.5%)	4 (3.0%)	0.68
Aspiration pneumonia	10 (7.5%)	7 (5.3%)	0.62
Rebleeding	10 (7.5%)	10 (7.5%)	1.00
30-Day mortality	12 (9.0%)	9 (6.8%)	0.65

EVL endoscopic variceal ligation, APC argon plasma coagulation, HSE hypertonic saline-epinephrine, EMR endoscopic mucosal resection, EIS endoscopic injection sclerotherapy, IVR interventional radiology

Results are presented as mean ± SD or number of patients