Table 1.
Characteristics of pSS patients and the healthy controls (HCs)
| Characteristic | pSS (n = 24) | HCs (n = 27) |
|---|---|---|
| Age, years ± SD | 50.0 ± 14.9 | 48.9 ± 15.8 |
| Sex, male/female | 1/23 | 1/27 |
| Parotid gland enlargement, n (%) | 4 (16.7) | - |
| Arthralgia, n (%) | 5 (20.8) | - |
| Rash, n (%) | 6 (25) | - |
| Blood system involvement, n (%) | 10 (41.7) | - |
| Leukocytopenia, n (%) | 6 (25) | - |
| Thrombocytopenia, n (%) | 3 (12.5) | - |
| Hemolytic anemia, n (%) | 1 (4.2) | - |
| Lung involvement, n (%) | 3 (12.5) | - |
| Nerve involvement, n (%) | 4 (16.7) | - |
| Kidney involvement, n (%) | 0 (0) | - |
| Schirmer’s test ≤ 5 mm/5 min, n (%) | 13/17 (76.5) | - |
| UWS flow rate ≤ 0.1 mL/min, n (%) | 11/18 (61.1) | - |
| RF seropositive, n (%) | 12/19 (63.2) | - |
| ANA seropositive, n (%) | 24 (100) | - |
| ANA titre ≥ 1:1000, n (%) | 20 (83.3) | - |
| Anti-SSA antibody seropositive, n (%) | 23 (95.8) | - |
| Anti-Ro52 antibody seropositive, n (%) | 22 (91.7) | - |
| Anti-SSB antibody seropositive, n (%) | 10 (41.7) | - |
| IgG > 16 mg/L, n (%) | 17/21 (81.0) | - |
| C3 < 80 mg/dL, n (%) | 9/21 (42.6) | - |
| C4 < 16 mg/dL, n (%) | 7/21 (33.3) | - |
| ESR > 20 mm/h, n (%) | 9/18 (50) | - |
| ESSDAI ± SD | 7.6 ± 4.2 | - |
| LSG pathology | ||
| FS ≥ 1, n (%) | 12 (50) | |
| FS = 0, n (%) | 6 (25) | |
| 0 < FS < 1, n (%) | 6 (25) | |
ANA, anti-nuclear antibody; ESR, erythrocyte sedimentation rate; ESSDAI, EULAR Sjögren’s Syndrome Disease Activity Index; FS, focus score; LSG, labial salivary gland; RF, rheumatoid factor; UWS, unstimulated whole saliva