Table 1.
Baseline characteristics of enrolled participants with tuberculosis stratified by sex.
| Variables | Total (n = 5957) | Male (n = 3567) | Female (n = 2390) | P-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age, years | 57.9 ± 19.8 | 57.1 ± 18.4 | 59.1 ± 21.8 | < 0.001 |
| Body mass index (kg/m2) | 21.6 ± 3.5 | 21.7 ± 3.4 | 21.5 ± 3.5 | 0.024 |
| Smoking status | < 0.001 | |||
| Never or ex-smoker | 4775 (80.2) | 2470 (69.2) | 2305 (96.4) | |
| Current smoker | 1182 (19.8) | 1097 (30.8) | 85 (3.6) | |
| Drinking status | < 0.001 | |||
| None or social drinker | 5597 (93.1) | 3229 (89.2) | 2368 (99.0) | |
| Heavy drinker | 360 (6.9) | 338 (10.8) | 22 (1.0) | |
| Comorbidity | 0.002 | |||
| Yes | 3459 (58.1) | 2129 (59.7) | 1330 (55.7) | |
| No | 2498 (41.9) | 1438 (40.3) | 1060 (44.3) | |
| Types of comorbidities | ||||
| Diabetes | 1166 (19.6) | 777 (21.8) | 389 (16.3) | < 0.001 |
| Chronic lung disease | 277 (4.6) | 194 (5.4) | 83 (3.5) | 0.001 |
| Chronic heart disease | 284 (4.8) | 176 (4.9) | 108 (4.5) | 0.499 |
| Chronic liver disease | 127 (2.1) | 97 (2.7) | 30 (1.3) | < 0.001 |
| Chronic kidney disease | 198 (3.3) | 138 (3.9) | 60 (2.5) | 0.005 |
| Chronic neurologic disease | 514 (8.6) | 270 (7.6) | 244 (10.2) | < 0.001 |
| Malignancy | 572 (9.6) | 404 (11.3) | 168 (7.0) | < 0.001 |
| Autoimmune disease | 67 (1.1) | 33 (0.9) | 34 (1.4) | 0.097 |
| Initial presenting symptoms | 0.851 | |||
| Yes | 3901 (65.5) | 2332 (65.4) | 1569 (65.6) | |
| No | 2056 (34.5) | 1235 (34.6) | 821 (34.4) | |
| Location of TB-affected organ | < 0.001 | |||
| Pulmonary TB | 4636 (77.8) | 2898 (81.2) | 1738 (72.7) | |
| Extrapulmonary TB | 1321 (22.2) | 669 (18.8) | 652 (27.3) | |