Table 1.

Energy and exergy balance equations for the components of the ORC configurations.

Components	Energy Balance	Exergy Balance
Basic ORC
Pump	${\dot{W}}_p={\dot{m}}_{wf}\left(h_2-h_1\right)$	$\dot{{Ex}_1}+\dot{W_p}=\dot{{Ex}_2}+\dot{{ED}_p}$
Evaporator	${\dot{Q}}_{ev}={\dot{m}}_{wf}\left(h_3-h_2\right)$	$\dot{{Ex}_2}+\dot{{Ex}_5}=\dot{{Ex}_3}+\dot{{Ex}_6}+\dot{{ED}_{ev}}$
Expander	${\dot{W}}_{\mathit{exp}}={\dot{m}}_{wf}\left(h_3-h_4\right)$	${\dot{Ex}}_3={\dot{Ex}}_4+{\dot{W}}_{\mathit{exp}}+{\dot{ED}}_{\mathit{exp}}$
Condenser	${\dot{Q}}_c={\dot{m}}_{wf}\left(h_4-h_1\right)$	${\dot{Ex}}_4+{\dot{Ex}}_7={\dot{Ex}}_1+{\dot{Ex}}_8+{\dot{ED}}_c$
IHE-ORC
IHE	${\dot{Q}}_{IHE}={\dot{m}}_{wf}\left(h_2-h_3\right)={\dot{m}}_{wf}\left(h_6-h_5\right)$ ${\dot{Q}}_{IHE}={\epsilon }_{IHE}{C}_{\mathit{min}}\left(T_2-T_5\right)$	${\dot{Ex}}_2+{\dot{Ex}}_5={\dot{Ex}}_3+{\dot{Ex}}_6+{\dot{ED}}_{IHE}$
Pump	${\dot{W}}_p={\dot{m}}_{wf}\left(h_2-h_1\right)$	${\dot{Ex}}_1+{\dot{W}}_p={\dot{Ex}}_2+{\dot{ED}}_p$
Evaporator	${\dot{Q}}_{ev}={\dot{m}}_{wf}\left(h_4-h_3\right)$	$\dot{{Ex}_3}+\dot{{Ex}_7}=\dot{{Ex}_4}+\dot{{Ex}_8}+\dot{{ED}_{ev}}$
Expander	${\dot{W}}_{\mathit{exp}}={\dot{m}}_{wf}\left(h_4-h_5\right)$	${\dot{Ex}}_4={\dot{Ex}}_5+{\dot{W}}_{\mathit{exp}}+{\dot{ED}}_{\mathit{exp}}$
Condenser	${\dot{Q}}_c={\dot{m}}_{wf}\left(h_6-h_1\right)$	${\dot{Ex}}_6+{\dot{Ex}}_9={\dot{Ex}}_1+{\dot{Ex}}_{10}+{\dot{ED}}_c$
FFH-ORC
FFH	${\dot{m}}_{wf}X{h}_6+{\dot{m}}_{wf}\left(1-X\right)h_2={\dot{m}}_{wf}{h}_3$	$\dot{{Ex}_2}+\dot{{Ex}_6}=\dot{{Ex}_3}+{\dot{ED}}_{FFH}$
Pump-I	${\dot{W}}_{pI}={\dot{m}}_{wf}\left(1-X\right)\left(h_2-h_1\right)$	$\dot{{Ex}_1}+{\dot{W}}_{pI}=\dot{{Ex}_2}+{\dot{ED}}_{pI}$
Pump-II	${\dot{W}}_{pII}={\dot{m}}_{wf}\left(h_4-h_3\right)$	$\dot{{Ex}_3}+{\dot{W}}_{pII}=\dot{{Ex}_4}+{\dot{ED}}_{pII}$
Evaporator	${\dot{Q}}_b={\dot{m}}_{wf}\left(h_5-h_4\right)$	$\dot{{Ex}_4}+\dot{{Ex}_8}=\dot{{Ex}_5}+\dot{{Ex}_9}+{\dot{ED}}_{ev}$
Expander	${\dot{W}}_t={\dot{m}}_{wf}X\left(h_5-h_6\right)+{\dot{m}}_{wf}\left(1-X\right)\left(h_5-h_7\right)$	${\dot{Ex}}_5={\dot{Ex}}_6+{\dot{Ex}}_7+{\dot{W}}_t+{\dot{ED}}_{\mathit{exp}}$
Condenser	${\dot{Q}}_y={\dot{m}}_{wf}\left(1-X\right)\left(h_1-h_7\right)$	${\dot{Ex}}_7+{\dot{Ex}}_{10}={\dot{Ex}}_1+{\dot{Ex}}_{11}+{\dot{ED}}_c$
IHE–FFH–ORC
Pump-I	${\dot{W}}_{pI}={\dot{m}}_{lpe}\left(h_2-h_1\right)$	${\dot{Ex}}_1+{\dot{W}}_{p1}={\dot{Ex}}_2+{\dot{EY}}_{pI}$
IHE	${\dot{Q}}_{IHE}={\dot{m}}_{lpe}\left(h_3-h_2\right)={\dot{m}}_{lpe}\left(h_{10}-h_{11}\right)$ ${\dot{Q}}_{IHE}={\epsilon }_{IHE}{C}_{\mathit{min}}\left(T_2-T_{10}\right)$	${\dot{Ex}}_2+{\dot{Ex}}_{10}={\dot{Ex}}_3+{\dot{Ex}}_{11}+{\dot{ED}}_{IHE}$
FFH	${\dot{Q}}_{FFH}={\dot{m}}_{wf}{h}_4={\dot{m}}_{lpe}{h}_9+{\dot{m}}_{lpe}{h}_3$	${\dot{Ex}}_3+{\dot{Ex}}_9={\dot{Ex}}_4+{\dot{ED}}_{FFH}$
Pump-II	${\dot{W}}_{pII}={\dot{m}}_{ORÇ}\left(h_5-h_4\right)$	${\dot{Ex}}_4+{\dot{W}}_{p2}={\dot{Ex}}_5+{\dot{ED}}_{pII}$
Evaporator	${\dot{Q}}_b={\dot{m}}_{wf}\left(h_6-h_5\right)={\dot{m}}_{12}\left(h_{12}-h_{13}\right)$	${\dot{Ex}}_5+{\dot{Ex}}_{12}={\dot{Ex}}_6+{\dot{Ex}}_{13}+{\dot{ED}}_{ev}$
High-pressure expander	${\dot{W}}_{hpe}={\dot{m}}_{wf}\left(h_6-h_7\right)$	${\dot{Ex}}_6={\dot{Ex}}_7+{\dot{W}}_{hpe}+{\dot{ED}}_{hpe}$
Low-pressure expander	${\dot{W}}_{lpe}={\dot{m}}_{lpe}\left(h_8-h_{10}\right)$	${\dot{Ex}}_8={\dot{Ex}}_{10}+{\dot{W}}_{lpe}+{\dot{ED}}_{lpe}$
Condenser	${\dot{Q}}_c={\dot{m}}_{lpe}\left(h_{11}-h_1\right)={\dot{m}}_{14}\left(h_{15}-h_{14}\right)$	${\dot{Ex}}_{11}+{\dot{Ex}}_{14}={\dot{Ex}}_1+{\dot{Ex}}_{15}+{\dot{ED}}_c$