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. 2023 Mar 31;10:1156062. doi: 10.3389/fmolb.2023.1156062

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Copyright © 2023 Shi, Xiong, Yan, Du, Liu and Shi.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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DHA induces ferritinophagy-dependent ferroptosis in cervical cancer cells. (A) The images and (B) fluorescence intensity of intracellular ferrous ion stained by FeRhoNox™-1 (100×; Scale bar: 200 µm). (C) The transcriptional levels of TfR1, NCOA4 and FTH1 after DHA treatment. (D) The protein expressions of TfR1, NCOA4 and FTH1 after DHA treatment, compared with β-actin. Effects on (E) intracellular ferrous ion level, (F) FTH1 and NCOA4 protein expressions, (G) cell viability and (H) GSH level of HeLa and SiHa cells after 24 h of DHA treatment with or without CQ. DHA: dihydroartemisinin; Rel. relative; TfR1: transferrin receptor 1; NCOA4: nuclear receptor coactivator 4; FTH1: ferritin heavy chain 1; CQ: chloroquine; GSH: glutathione. (*, p < 0.05; **, p < 0.01; ***, p < 0.001 compared with control group; #, p < 0.05; ##, p < 0.01; ###, p < 0.001 compared with DHA group; ns: no significance.).