Table 2.

Mendelian randomization analysis explore the genetic causal effects of AD on the level of BCAAs.

Exposure	Outcome	Method	No. of SNP	MR analysis				MR-egger intercept (p value)	MR-PRESSO global test (p value)	Cochran's Q (p value)
				AD	Total BCAAs	IVW	19				−0.021	0.979	0.989–0.990	< 0.001	0.001 (0.632)	0.495	18.464 (0.425)
WM	19	−0.020	0.980			0.964–0.994	0.008
MR Egger	19	−0.024	0.976			0.961–0.991	0.007
AD	Valine	IVW	19	−0.023	0.977	0.963–0.991	0.001	0.002 (0.385)	0.022	31.089 (0.028)
		WM	19	−0.020	0.980	0.964–0.995	0.011
		MR Egger	19	−0.029	0.971	0.952–0.990	0.009
AD	Leucine	IVW	19	−0.017	0.983	0.973–0.994	0.002	−0.0004 (0.816)	0.905	10.835 (0.901)
		WM	19	−0.019	0.982	0.968–0.995	0.010
		MR Egger	19	−0.016	0.984	0.970–0.999	0.050
AD	Isoleucine	IVW	19	−0.019	0.982	0.971–0.992	0.001	−0.0001 (0.910)	0.707	12.588 (0.815)
		WM	19	−0.019	0.981	0.966–0.996	0.013
		MR Egger	19	−0.018	0.982	0.967–0.997	0.031

IVW, inverse variance-weighted; BCAAs, branched-chain amino acids; AD, Alzheimer's disease; OR, odd ratio; CI, confidence interval.