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. 2023 Mar 31;11:1146881. doi: 10.3389/fbioe.2023.1146881

TABLE 7.

The effects of urea inclusion for PUFAs enrichment.

Target Effect Reference
LA in Clarias macrocephalus oil Enriched from 18.4% to 47% Zainuddin et al. (2011)
ALA in comfrey oil Enriched to 99.30% Han et al. (2004)
ALA in Kiwi Seed Oil Enriched from 61.82% to 87.2% Wu et al. (2005)
ALA in Silkworm Chrysalis Oil Enriched from 27.99% to 70.28% Zhang et al. (2011)
ALA in Flaxseed Oil Enriched to 78.6% Cheng et al. (2017)
GLA in comfrey oil Enriched to 91% Spurvey and Shahidi (2000)
DHA in waste oil by-products Enriched from 25.5% to 59.7% Wayan Suriani and Komansilan (2019)
PUFAs in carp fish oil Enriched to 88.9% Crexi et al. (2012)
PUFAs in Seal Oil Enriched to 71.35% Zheng et al. (2018)
PUFAs in Refined Salmon Oil Enriched from 38.4% to 96.99% Dovale-Rosabal et al. (2019)