Table 2.
Descriptive Statistics for Major Cardiovascular Events.
| Measure | Myocardial infarction | Heart failure | Ischemic stroke |
|---|---|---|---|
| Number of first events | 870 | 887 | 343 |
| Event rate in 1000 person-years | 33.5 | 34.2 | 12.9 |
| Time to event in days, mean | 661 (482) | 661 (482) | 675 (485) |
| Length of hospital stay in days, mean | 7.9 (9.3) | 6.8 (10.2) | 16.0 (26.7) |
| Length of hospital stay in days, median | 5 (3 to 10) | 4 (2 to 8) | 9 (4 to 18) |
| Patients with hospital length of stay of more than 30 days, % | 3.2% | 3.3% | 10.8% |
| Admission into an ICU a | 54% | 24% | 17% |
| Admission into a CCU | 37% | 9% | NA |
| Admission into a stroke unit | NA | NA | 49% |
| Death during the hospital stay | 13% | 7% | 16% |
| Death within 30 days of hospital admission | 21% | 11% | 19% |
| 30-day health care costs (CAD), median | $18 079 ($12 510 to $25 111) | $11 705 ($9751 to $18 185) | $18 206 ($13 423 to $26 479) |
| 30- day health care costs (CAD), mean | $21 449 ($15 057) |
$15 777 ($12 957) |
$22 392 ($15 219) |
| Cardiology consult, % | 82% | 38% | NA |
| Inpatient cardiology consult, % | 56% | 21% | NA |
| Cardiac surgery consult, % | 15% | 4% | NA |
| Inpatient cardiac surgery consult, % | 9% | 2% | NA |
| Neurology consult, % | NA | NA | 61% |
| Inpatient neurology consult, % | NA | NA | 40% |
| Electrocardiogram, % | 98% | 88% | 88% |
| Chest x-ray, % | 90% | 92% | NA |
| Echocardiogram, % | 69% | 46% | 70% |
| Coronary angiogram, % | 64% | 12% | 2% |
| At least 1 coronary revascularization, % | 47% | 4% | NA |
| Percutaneous coronary intervention, % | 42% | 3% | < 2% b |
| Cardiac stent, % | 32% | 2% | <2% b |
| All ventilation types, % | 20% | 13% | 8% |
| Invasive ventilation, % | 18% | 7% | 8% |
| Stress test, % | 12% | 8% | 3% |
| Holter/telemetry/loop, % | 3% | 2% | 29% |
| Carotid imaging, % | 1% | 1% | 27% |
| Pacemaker, % | 7% | 3% | < 2% b |
| Coronary artery bypass graft surgery, % | 6% | 1% | 0% |
| Brain imaging, % | 17% | 12% | 97% |
| Peak troponin I, μg/L c , median | 4.7 (1.4 to 18.4) | NA | NA |
| Troponin I difference, μg/L c , median | 2.3 (0.4 to 9.9) | NA | NA |
| Peak Troponin T, ng/L c , median | 1108 (407 to 2412) | NA | NA |
| Troponin T difference, ng/L c , median | 386 (68 to 1725) | NA | NA |
Note. NA = not applicable; CV = cardiovascular; CAD = Canadian dollar; ICU = intensive care unit; CCU = coronary care unit.
Admission to the intensive care unit includes those admitted into the coronary care unit.
These cells have been suppressed because we cannot display values with fewer than 6 individuals. Medians are presented with 25th to 75th percentile, and means are presented with standard deviation.
Troponin values were only available from April 1, 2013, to September 30, 2015, in a subset of patients. At least 2 troponin tests had to be conducted during the 30 days of the first hospitalization for myocardial infarction. The difference in values was calculated as the lowest value subtracted from the highest troponin value during the first hospitalization. Two hundred twenty-six patients with at least 2 Troponin I values were hospitalized for myocardial infarction. Sixty-five patients with at least 2 high-sensitivity Troponin T values were hospitalized for myocardial infarction.