TABLE 1.

Inclusion and exclusion criteria for article screening and full-text review

Inclusion Criteria

Exclusion Criteria

•Evaluation of the impact of thermal or non-thermal processing, defined as any technique where forces including pressure, energy, including radiant and sound, or temperature, are applied to human milk for either pathogen inactivation, improvement in quality or other rationales. •Assessment of the impact of processing on subsequent preterm or term infant digestion/absorption. •Objective biochemical measure of digestion and/or absorption

•Studies that do not study human milk (e.g., infant formula) or studies that assess the impact on human milk-derived products/isolates. •Studies where there is no treatment technique/processing of human milk. •Studies that assess the impact of processing, but do not assess any impact on subsequent digestion or absorption in a population or model that does not include preterm or infants (e.g., adults, elderly) •Studies reporting outcomes secondary to digestion and absorption (e.g., growth, neurodevelopment, feeding tolerance) •Secondary/review articles/ secondary analyses