Table 3.
Summary of clinical trials and selected observational studies on the use of rituximab in steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome
| Study | Study Design | Study Population | No. of SRNS Patients Analyzed | Rituximab Dosing, mg/m2 | Control/Comparative Arm | All | Remission | Remarks | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Complete | Partial | ||||||||
| Prytula et al.,49 2010 | Survey | SRNS ± CNI-resistance | 27 | 375–1875 | NA | 18 (66.7%) | 6 (22.2%) | 12 (44.4%) | |
| Magnasco et al.,30 2012 | Open-label, RCT | SRNS unresponsive to steroid and 6 months CNI | 16 | Rituximab 375 × 2 (n=16) | Steroid and CNI (n=15) | 3 (18.8%) | NR | NR | Proteinuria was not reduced at 3 months by rituximab (change, −12% [95% CI, −73 to 110]; P = 0.77) |
| Ito et al.,50 2013 | Survey | SRNS unresponsive to steroid and additional IS | 19 | NR | NA | 12 (63.2%) | 6 (31.6%) | 6 (31.6%) | |
| Kamei et al.,48 2014 | Retrospective cohort | SRNS unresponsive to steroid and CNI | 10 | 375–1500 | NA | 8 (80%) | 7 (70%) | 1 (10%) | |
| Basu et al.,47 2015 | Retrospective cohort | SRNS unresponsive to steroid and 6 months CNI | 24 | 750–1500 | NA | 16 (66.7%) | 5 (20.8%) | 11 (45.8%) | |
| Sinha et al.,51 2015 | Retrospective cohort | SRNS unresponsive to steroid and 6 months CNI | 58 | 750–1500 | NA | 17 (29.3%) | 7 (12.1%) | 10 (17.2%) | |
| Hoseini et al.,52 2018 | Retrospective cohort | SRNS unresponsive to steroid and 6 months CNI | 23 | 1500 | NA | 11 (47.8%) | 8 (34.8%) | 3 (13.3%) | |
| Ahn et al.,31 2018 | Open-label, single arm trial | SRNS unresponsive to steroid and 3 months CNI | 23 | 375–750 | NA | 9 (39.1%) | 7 (30.4%) | 2 (8.7%) | |
| Sinha et al.,53 2020 | Retrospective cohort | SRNS unresponsive to steroid and 6 months CNI | 31 | 750 | NA | 18 (58.1%) | 8 (25.8%) | 10 (32.3%) | |
| Bazargani et al.,54 2022 | Retrospective cohort | SRNS unresponsive to steroid and additional IS | 22 | 1500 | NA | 14 (63.6%) | 5 (22.7%) | 9 (40.9%) | |
SRNS, steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome; CNI, calcineurin inhibitor; NA, not available; RCT, randomized controlled trial; NR, not reported; CI, confidence interval; IS, immunosuppression.