Table 1.
Baseline characteristics in the ablation group vs. the non-ablation group
| Missing data, n (%) | Ablation n = 75 | Non-ablation n = 455 | P-value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age, years | 0 (0) | 67 (59–73) | 76 (67–81) | <0.001 |
| Men, n (%) | 0 (0) | 58 (77) | 267 (59) | 0.002 |
| Body mass index, kg/m2 | 3 (0.1) | 23.1 (21.1–25.8) | 22.4 (20.1–25.4) | 0.135 |
| Systolic BP, mm Hg | 95 (17.9) | 124 (111–138) | 123 (110–135) | 0.414 |
| Heart rate, bpm | 22 (4.2) | 80 (68–99) | 80 (67–92) | 0.347 |
| LVEF, % | 40 (7.5) | 55 (46–60) | 55 (41–60) | 0.466 |
| LVDD, mm | 40 (7.5) | 49 (45–53) | 49 (44–55) | 0.945 |
| LVSD, mm | 46 (8.7) | 33 (30–41) | 34 (29–41) | 0.781 |
| LAD, mm | 35 (6.6) | 42 (38–46) | 46 (41–51) | <0.001 |
| AF duration, days | 94 (17.7) | 186 (58–690) | 101 (51–186) | 0.007 |
| Type of AF | 4 (0.1) | 0.026 | ||
| ȃParoxysmal, n (%) | 23 (31) | 102 (23) | ||
| ȃPersistent, n (%) | 35 (47) | 158 (35) | ||
| ȃOthers, n (%) | 17 (22) | 195 (42) | ||
| Comorbidities | ||||
| ȃCoronary artery disease, n (%) | 0 (0) | 9 (12) | 69 (15) | 0.469 |
| ȃHypertension, n (%) | 0 (0) | 51 (68) | 304 (67) | 0.84 |
| ȃDiabetes mellitus, n (%) | 0 (0) | 15 (20) | 112 (25) | 0.386 |
| ȃDyslipidemia, n (%) | 0 (0) | 36 (48) | 184 (40) | 0.218 |
| ȃStroke, n (%) | 0 (0) | 5 (7) | 55 (12) | 0.17 |
| ȃPeripheral artery disease, n (%) | 0 (0) | 2 (3) | 25 (6) | 0.301 |
| ȃCOPD, n (%) | 0 (0) | 2 (3) | 20 (4) | 0.487 |
| ȃCHADS2-VASc score | 0 (0) | 3 (2–4) | 4 (3–5) | <0.001 |
| Laboratory findings | ||||
| ȃHaemoglobin, g/dL | 14 (2.6) | 14.2 (13.1–15.0) | 13.1 (11.9–14.5) | <0.001 |
| ȃeGFR, mL/min/1.73 m2 | 11 (2.1) | 56.5 (47.0–66.8) | 52.9 (43.4–64.4) | 0.098 |
| ȃBNP, pg/mL | 160 (30.2) | 160 (98–338) | 209 (106–380) | 0.098 |
| Medical therapy | ||||
| ȃDiuretic, n (%) | 0 (0) | 48 (64) | 363 (80) | 0.002 |
| ȃACEI or ARB, n (%) | 0 (0) | 43 (57) | 240 (53) | 0.472 |
| ȃBeta blocker, n (%) | 0 (0) | 58 (77) | 347 (76) | 0.864 |
| ȃDigoxin, n (%) | 0 (0) | 10 (13) | 74 (16) | 0.515 |
| ȃAntiarrhythmics, n (%) | 0 (0) | 12 (16) | 36 (8) | 0.024 |
| ȃOral anticoagulant, n (%) | 0 (0) | 72 (96) | 423 (93) | 0.355 |
| AFEQT scores at baseline | 1 (0.1) | |||
| ȃOverall summary score | 71.3 (61.8–82.4) | 76.3 (63.0–87.0) | 0.035 | |
| ȃSymptom | 79.2 (66.7–91.7) | 87.5 (63.0–87.0) | 0.013 | |
| ȃDaily activity | 68.8 (52.1–79.2) | 68.8 (52.1–85.4) | 0.219 | |
| ȃTreatment concern | 76.7 (66.7–86.1) | 83.3 (69.4–91.7) | 0.024 | |
| ȃTreatment satisfaction | 66.7 (50–66.7) | 66.7 (66.7–83.3) | 0.001 | |
BP, blood pressure; LVEF, left ventricular ejection fraction; LVDD, left ventricular diastolic diameter; LVSD, left ventricular systolic diameter; AF, atrial fibrillation; COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; eGFR, estimated glomerular filtration ratio; BNP, B-type natriuretic peptide; ACEI, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor; ARB, angiotensin receptor blocker.