Table 1.
Weighted prevalence of COVID-19 hospitalization by demographic and survey factors (n = 1593); Michigan COVID-19 Recovery Surveillance Study (COVID-19 onset before November 16, 2020)
| Prevalence of COVID-19 hospitalization (n = 1593) | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| No. of cases | Weighted row % | 95% CI | |
| Race and ethnicity by income | |||
| Low-income Non-Hispanic Black | 165 | 32.9 | (25.8, 40.9) |
| High-income Non-Hispanic Black | 88 | 31.2 | (21.9, 42.2) |
| Low-income Hispanic | 113 | 12.9 | (7.6, 21.1) |
| High-income Hispanic | 43 | 8.8 | (3.2, 21.9) |
| Low-income Non-Hispanic White | 416 | 15.3 | (11.9, 19.4) |
| High-income Non-Hispanic White | 768 | 9.6 | (7.6, 12.2) |
| Sex | |||
| Male | 629 | 16.4 | (13.5, 19.8) |
| Female | 964 | 13.0 | (11.0, 15.3) |
| Age (years) | |||
| 18–34 | 422 | 2.8 | (1.6, 4.8) |
| 35–44 | 242 | 8.1 | (5.1, 12.5) |
| 45–54 | 307 | 13.3 | (9.5, 18.2) |
| 55–64 | 302 | 24.2 | (19.2, 30.1) |
| 65 + | 320 | 35.3 | (29.6, 41.4) |
| COVID-19 onset (sample) | |||
| Sample 1: On or before April 15, 2020 | 560 | 30.6 | (26.6, 34.9) |
| Sample 2:Between April 16 and May 31, 2020 | 220 | 13.9 | (9.6, 19.8) |
| Sample 3: Between June 1 and July 31, 2020 | 283 | 4.7 | (2.7, 8.1) |
| Sample 4: Between August 1 and September 30, 2020 | 243 | 4.5 | (2.5, 7.7) |
| Sample 5: Between October 1 and November 15, 2020 | 287 | 4.3 | (2.5, 7.1) |
| Survey mode | |||
| Phone | 755 | 21.8 | (18.9, 25.0) |
| Online | 838 | 8.1 | (6.3, 10.4) |
COVID-19, coronavirus disease 2019; No., total number of cases in denominator; 95% CI, 95% confidence interval
aWe used the Rao-Scott chi-square test to determine if there was a significant association between income and hospitalization for COVID-19 for/within each racial and ethnic group. There was a significant difference in the proportion of adults hospitalized by income for NH White adults (two-sided p = 0.008), but not for NH Black (p = 0.792) or Hispanic adults (p = 0.479)