TABLE 3.

Detailed histopathological evaluation assessing the microscopic effects of human ex vivo placental perfusions with hyperforin (n = 4), hypericin (n = 3) and valerenic acid (n = 4), and the damage of placental tissue in perfused areas compared to non-perfused areas.

		Hyperforin				Hypericin			Valerenic acid
	Experiment number	1	2	3	4	1	2	3	1	2	3	4
Microscopic effects of perfusion (in %)	Emptiness of villous vessels	95	95	90	80	90	80	85	90	95	80	80
	Emptiness of villous vessels in non-perfused	10	20	5	5	20	5	1	10	10	1	1
	Intervillous spaces without blood	70	95	99	80	90	95	95	95	95	95	95
	Intervillous spaces without blood in non-perfused	30	30	40	60	40	40	80	40	70	50	60
	Dilatated intervillous space	90	90	70	70	60	30	95	70	50	90	90
	Dilatated intervillous space in non-perfused	60	50	70	80	50	30	85	50	20	30	70
	Hydropic changes	20	5	40	10	20	10	5	0	25	40	5
	Hydropic changes in non-perfused	0	0	1	0	5	0	0	0	5	5	0
	Sharp transition perfused/non-perfused	N	Y	Y	N	Y	N	Y	N	Y	Y	Y
Damage of placental tissue (in %)	Thrombi in villous vessels	0	0	0	0	1	0	0	5	1	5	0
	if so: in non-perfused too?	—	—	—	—	ND	—	—	1	ND	1	-
	Vacuolated trophoblast in villi	10	30	10	0	20	20	5	1	90	80	5
	if so: in non-perfused too?	0	0	1	—	0	0	0	ND	0	5	0
Global placental pathology	Else	N	N	N	Intervillous thrombus <5%	CCB	N	CCB	N	Formation of artificial cavities in 10% of perfused areas	N	Singular non-occlusive thrombus in stem villus; CCB

CCB, compensatory core budding; N = no; ND = not determined; Y = yes.