Table 1. Distribution of hepatitis B and C seroprevalence, sociodemographic, and behavioral characteristics by antipsychotic medication use from the 2005–2014 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (n = 12,722).
| Characteristic | Antipsychotic use | No Antipsychotic Use | p a | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| (n = 163) | (n = 12,559) | ||||
| Wtd. % | (Unwtd. n) | Wtd. % | (Unwtd. n) | ||
| Hepatitis B core antibody, % (n) | 0.11 | ||||
| HBV positive | 5.9% | (16) | 3.7% | (637) | |
| HBV negative | 94.1% | (147) | 96.3% | (11,922) | |
| Hepatitis C virus antibody, % (n) | <0.001 | ||||
| HCV positive | 5.3% | (13) | 1.6% | (216) | |
| HCV negative | 94.7% | (150) | 98.4% | (12,343) | |
| Age, M [95% CI] | 41.6 | [39.4, 43.8] | 39.1 | [38.7, 39.5] | <0.05 |
| Sex, % (n) | 0.31 | ||||
| Male | 54.1% | (82) | 49.2% | (6,057) | |
| Female | 45.9% | (81) | 50.8% | (6,502) | |
| Race, % (n) | 0.08 | ||||
| Non-Hispanic White | 72.5% | (93) | 67.9% | (5,548) | |
| Non-Hispanic Black | 13.7% | (35) | 11.1% | (2,609) | |
| Hispanic | 8.4% | (24) | 14.5% | (3,229) | |
| All other races | 5.3% | (11) | 6.5% | (1,173) | |
| Immigrant status, % (n) | <0.01 | ||||
| Born in United States | 93.0% | (142) | 83.4% | (9,301) | |
| Born outside United States | 7.0% | (21) | 16.6% | (3,258) | |
| Marital status, % (n) | <0.001 | ||||
| Married or cohabitating | 46.5% | (65) | 64.0% | (7,657) | |
| Never married | 38.0% | (65) | 22.5% | (3,096) | |
| Widowed, divorced, or separated | 15.5% | (33) | 13.5% | (1,806) | |
| Education, % (n) | 0.06 | ||||
| College | 54.7% | (77) | 65.0% | (7,288) | |
| High school graduate | 26.1% | (41) | 21.2% | (2,725) | |
| Less than high school | 19.2% | (45) | 13.8% | (2,546) | |
| Income, M [95% CI]b | 2.26 | [1.95, 2.58] | 3.11 | [3.02, 3.19] | <0.001 |
| Blood transfusion, % (n) | <0.05 | ||||
| Yes | 11.4% | (25) | 6.3% | (830) | |
| No | 88.7% | (138) | 93.7% | (11,729) | |
| Alcohol use, % (n) | 0.33 | ||||
| Yes | 36.4% | (48) | 41.9% | (4,864) | |
| No | 63.6% | (115) | 58.1% | (7,695) | |
| Injection drug use, % (n) | <0.001 | ||||
| Yes | 9.2% | (12) | 2.1% | (253) | |
| No | 90.8% | (151) | 97.9% | (12,306) | |
| Sexually transmitted infection, % (n) | <0.05 | ||||
| Yes | 3.2% | (6) | 1.0% | (156) | |
| No | 96.8% | (157) | 99.0% | (12,403) | |
Notes: Wtd. = weighted; Unwtd. = unweighted; M = mean; CI = confidence interval;
aPearson’s chi-square for categorial and t test for continuous predictors;
bIncome is measured by the ratio of family income to the federal poverty lines, with values from 0 to 5. A value of “0” represents no income and a value of “5” represents an income greater than or equal to 500% of the federal poverty line.