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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2023 Jul 14.
Published in final edited form as: Commun Methods Meas. 2022 Jul 14;16(3):215–235. doi: 10.1080/19312458.2022.2099819

Table 6.

Means and standard deviations of trainee CQA scores for real-time and transcript coding methods stratified by experiences with end-of-life conversations

Experience Contributing to EOL Conversations
Never Few (1–3) Some (4–10) Many (>10)
Real-time CQA coding of trainees Content 5.80 (1.50) 5.86 (1.52) 6.05 (1.34) 6.02 (1.38)
Emotion 3.16 (2.02) 3.08 (1.88) 2.95 (1.88) 3.63 (2.13)
Engagement 5.88 (1.21) 5.94 (1.11) 5.94 (1.16) 6.29 (0.85)
Relationship 5.35 (1.32) 5.24 (1.25) 5.14 (1.51) 5.66 (1.15)
Face 5.51 (1.28) 5.34 (1.30) 5.23 (1.53) 5.70 (1.20)
Accommodation 5.37 (1.31) 5.45 (1.48) 5.33 (1.62) 5.51 (1.42)
Multiple Goals Score 1.64 (1.00) 1.70 (0.94) 1.66 (1.00) 1.97 (0.89)

Transcript CQA coding of trainees Content 6.09 (0.73) 6.11 (0.81) 6.16 (0.73) 6.19 (0.68)
Emotion 3.63 (1.42) 3.53 (1.40) 3.44 (1.34) 3.58 (1.49)
Engagement 5.81 (0.91) 5.81 (0.90) 5.80 (0.92) 5.93 (0.84)
Relationship 4.75 (0.79) 4.77 (0.89) 4.78 (0.93) 4.94 (0.89)
Face 4.67 (0.90) 4.72 (0.92) 4.75 (0.94) 4.84 (0.93)
Accommodation 6.32 (0.74) 6.37 (0.67) 6.39 (0.71) 6.37 (0.74)
Multiple Goals Score 1.44 (1.08) 1.51 (1.07) 1.50 (1.01) 1.64 (1.05)
Experience Leading EOL Conversations
Never Few (1–3) Some (4–10) Many (>10)

Real-time CQA coding of trainees Content 5.90 (1.44) 5.79 (1.63) 6.07 (1.34) 5.97 (1.40)
Emotion 3.19 (1.97) 3.06 (1.91) 2.79 (1.88) 3.68 (2.09)
Engagement 5.96 (1.13) 5.87 (1.17) 5.93 (1.15) 6.30 (0.83)
Relationship 5.30 (1.27) 5.28 (1.29) 5.07 (1.55) 5.70 (1.14)
Face 5.42 (1.28) 5.39 (1.39) 5.19 (1.53) 5.72 (1.20)
Accommodation 5.40 (1.45) 5.40 (1.46) 5.45 (1.52) 5.48 (1.44)
Multiple Goals Score 1.69 (0.94) 1.70 (1.02) 1.61 (0.97) 1.99 (0.88)

Transcript CQA coding of trainees Content 6.10 (0.75) 6.10 (0.84) 6.22 (0.70) 6.17 (0.69)
Emotion 3.67 (1.43) 3.31 (1.25) 3.40 (1.46) 3.60 (1.45)
Engagement 5.85 (0.89) 5.72 (0.93) 5.79 (0.90) 5.94 (0.84)
Relationship 4.79 (0.84) 4.75 (0.90) 4.72 (0.93) 4.96 (0.91)
Face 4.71 (0.90) 4.72 (0.91) 4.72 (0.95) 4.87 (0.95)
Accommodation 6.37 (0.71) 6.33 (0.68) 6.41 (0.70) 6.36 (0.76)
Multiple Goals Score 1.52 (1.06) 1.39 (1.10) 1.49 (0.96) 1.65 (1.07)
Prior Formal Training or Work Experience involving Interpersonal Communication
No Yes

Real-time CQA coding of trainees Content 5.89 (1.45) 6.09 (1.44)
Emotion 3.09 (1.93) 3.75 (2.14)
Engagement 5.96 (1.11) 6.25 (1.05)
Relationship 5.28 (1.27) 5.62 (1.51)
Face 5.38 (1.31) 5.72 (1.48)
Accommodation 5.44 (1.44) 5.32 (1.56)
Multiple Goals Score 1.68 (0.95) 2.05 (0.94)

Transcript CQA coding of trainees Content 6.14 (0.76) 6.12 (0.71)
Emotion 3.45 (1.38) 4.04 (1.50)
Engagement 5.80 (0.89) 5.99 (0.90)
Relationship 4.76 (0.85) 5.04 (1.00)
Face 4.70 (0.90) 4.97 (1.00)
Accommodation 6.36 (0.72) 6.41 (0.67)
Multiple Goals Score 1.47 (1.05) 1.78 (1.07)

Note. Means and standard deviations calculated by direct aggregation averaging across all 5 minute time segments