Table 2.

Key considerations in the construction of delivery systems for AMPs and biomaterial

	Biomaterial	Considerations	Comments	Refs.
AMPs delivery
Metal nanoparticles	Gold, Silver	Shape, size, spatial arrangement	Metal nanoparticles are durable materials that can accumulate in tissues and should be used with consideration for long‐term toxicity and safety.	[59]
Porous materials	Mesoporous silica, Titanium dioxide	Pore size, surface area, pore structure, charge	Due to well‐defined pores in the nanometer range, drug loading, and release kinetics are broadly controllable; avoiding hydrolysis of antimicrobial peptides by proteases, peptide sealing as well as binding are closely related to void size.	[60]
Polymeric materials	Poly (lactic acid‐glycolic acid copolymer) (PLGA), poly (lactic acid) (PLA)	pH, Pore size	Biodegradable polymer that releases lactic acid to promote angiogenesis and wound healing; configured with AMPs to form a hydrogel.	[61]
	Polyethylene glycol (PEG)	Length, conformation, and linkage type of PEG molecules	PEG‐modified peptides can improve the stability of protease and prolong the action time, but some studies have shown that PEG modification will reduce the activity of peptides; nondegradability.	[62]
	Chitosan	Solubility, uncontrolled pore size	CS is biodegradable, biocompatible, and has low toxicity. CS offers a wide range of applications in tissue engineering, wound healing, and as a drug delivery additive.	[63]
	Polyelectrolytes (poly (ethyleneimine; poly (styrene sulfonate) poly (acrylic acid))	Charge, polyelectrolyte concentration, ionic strength, and pH	Polyelectrolyte complexation provides a versatile route for the design of drug delivery systems for AMP. It reduces peptide toxicity and increases the stability of peptide‐related functional advantages against infection‐related protease degradation.	[64]