Table 1.

The derived parameters from PFO, PSO, and Elovich kinetic models of the adsorption of o-NP onto Fe₃O₄-κ-Carr/MIL-125(Ti) composite

Kinetic models and parameters	Concentration (mg/L)
	50	100	150	200
qe, exp (mg/g)	93.02	166.99	219.37	271.11
PFO
qe,cal (mg/g)	65.37	104.58	134.29	172.74
k1 (min−1)	0.046	0.039	0.036	0.031
R2	0.989	0.977	0.979	0.975
PSO
qe,cal (mg/g)	100.90	190.84	250.00	289.02
k2 (g.mg−1.min−1)	0.0007	0.0004	0.0002	0.0001
R2	0.997	0.987	0.983	0.985
Elovich
α (mg/g min)	22.29	26.04	33.11	72.02
β (g/mg)	0.056	0.031	0.024	0.022
R2	0.958	0.888	0.863	0.820