Table 1.
History of anthelmintic use, housing, minimum FEC for inclusion, method of FEC calculation and method of calculation of FECR for publications eligible for evaluation of the ERP (n = 21).
| Anthelmintic(s) | Housing | History of anthelmintic use |
Minimum FEC for inclusion | FEC method (detection limit) | Method of calculation of FECR | Reference | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Length of history | Drug rotation | Treatment schedule (interval) | Timing of last anthelmintic dose | ||||||
| IVM | Stabled | No information | No information | No information | No information | Not specified | Modified McMaster (50 epg) | Not specified | Borgsteede et al. (1993) |
| IVM | Not specified | Not specified | PYR, BZs, IVM, MOX | Interval (1-12x/year) | No information | >150 epg | Modified McMaster (50 epg) | Arcsine | von Samson-Himmelstjerna et al. (2007) |
| IVM | Pasture | Most recent anthelmintic | IVM | No information | 60–180 days prior | Not specified | Modified Wisconsin (1 epg) | WAAVP | McFarlane et al. (2010) |
| IVM | Not specified | ≥2 years | IVM | Targeted | No information | >200 epg | Modified McMaster (50 epg) | WAAVP | Larsen et al. (2011) |
| IVM | Pasture | Not specified | Not specified | Interval (2x/year) | >8 weeks prior | >20 epg | Modified McMaster (20 epg) | Not specified | Zak et al. (2017) |
| IVM | Rotational grazing | Most recent anthelmintic to one year | MLs, BZs, THPs, PZQ | Interval (every 5–8 weeks) or targeted | >6–12 weeks prior | ≥25 epg | Modified McMaster (25 epg) | WAAVP | Rosanowski et al. (2017) |
| IVM | Pasture | No information | IVM, MOX | Targeted | 10 weeks prior | >75 epg | Centrifugal flotation (1 epg) | WAAVP | Molena et al. (2018) |
| IVM | Not specified | Last one year | IVM, MOX, PYR, FBZ, PZQ | Interval, targeted or both | 8 weeks prior | ≥200 epg | Mini-FLOTAC (5 epg) | Bayesian hierarchical model | Butler et al. (2021) |
| MOX | Rotational grazing | Not specified | IVM, MOX, FBZ | Interval (not specified) or targeted | No information | Not specified | Modified salt flotation (1 epg) | WAAVP | Tzelos et al. (2017) |
| MOX | Continuous grazing | Last 5 years | IVM, ABM, OFZ/PYR, ABM/MOR | Targeted | 8–10 weeks prior | ≥45 epg | Modified McMaster (15 epg) | WAAVP | Abbas et al. (2021) |
| IVM, MOX | Stabled | No information | No information | No information | No information | >100 epg | Modified McMaster (25–50 epg) | Not calculated | (van Doorn et al., 2014) |
| IVM, MOX | Not specified | One year | MLs | Interval (≥2x/year) | No information | 100-150 epg | Modified McMaster (25 epg) | WAAVP | Geurden et al. (2014) |
| IVM, MOX | No information | No information | No information | No information | >90 days prior | >150 epg | Modified McMaster (25 epg) | Not specified | Daniels and Proudman (2016) |
| IVM, MOX | Not specified | Not specified | Varied | Interval (≥2x/year) | No information | ≥150 epg | Modified McMaster (25 epg) | Arcsine | Kooyman et al. (2016) |
| IVM, MOX | Pasture | Not specified | Not specified | No information | 180 days prior | Paracount-EPG Kit | WAAVP/AAEP | Johnson and Biddle (2021) | |
| MOX, ABM | Pasture | No information | No information | No information | No information | Not specified | Modified McMaster (20 epg) | Geometric mean FEC | Holm-Martin et al. (2005) |
| MOX, FBZ | Pasture or stabled | Not specified | FBZ, PYR, IVM, MOX | Interval (not specified) | 4 months prior | Not specified | Double centrifugation (not specified) | WAAVP | Rossano et al. (2010) |
| IVM, MOX, ABM | Continuous grazing | Past decade | MLs | Not specified | 12–16 weeks prior | >150 epg | Modified McMaster (<10 epg) | WAAVP | Beasley et al. (2017) |
| IVM, MOX, PYR, FBZ | Continuous grazing | One year | MLs | Not specified | At least 6–12 weeks prior | ≥40 epg | Modified salt flotation (1 epg) | WAAVP, Arcsine and non-parametric bootstrapping | Relf et al. (2014) |
| IVM, MOX, PYR, FBZ | Pasture or stabled | Not specified | No information | Interval (1-2x/year) | >3 months prior | >150 epg | Modified McMaster (not specified) | WAAVP | Sanna et al. (2016) |
| PYR | Pasture | No information | No information | No information | No information | Not specified | McMaster (50 epg) | Not specified | Boersema et al. (1995) |
Abbreviations: ERP, egg reappearance period; FEC, faecal egg count; FECR; faecal egg count reduction; epg, eggs per gram of faces; ABM, abamectin; BZs, benzimidazoles; FBZ, fenbendazole; IVM, ivermectin; MOR, morantel; MOX, moxidectin; PYR, pyrantel; THPs, tetrahydropyrimidines; PZQ, praziquantel; WAAVP, World Association for the Advancement of Veterinary Parasitology.