Table 3.

Summary of receiver operator characteristics

Inception cohort
Urinary marker	AUC	cut off	sens	spec	ppv	npv	LR+	LR−
CD3+	0.95	3149	0.94	0.92	0.94	0.92	11.23	0.07
CD4+	0.88	664	0.74	0.92	0.92	0.73	8.90	0.28
CD8+	0.91	1321	0.71	1.00	1.00	0.46	Inf	0.29
Treg	0.92	60	0.74	0.96	0.96	0.74	17.81	0.27
TH17	0.73	103	0.48	0.95	0.94	0.54	9.68	0.54
TH1	0.66	1	0.58	0.75	0.75	0.58	2.32	0.56
Erys dipstick	0.98	3+	0.88	1.00	1.00	0.87	Inf	0.12
Prot dipstick	0.81	1+	0.96	0.52	0.71	0.92	2.02	0.07
Active sedimenta	0.89	y	0.79	1.00	1.00	0.62	Inf	0.21
sCD163/crea	0.78	40.88	0.72	0.83	0.82	0.73	4.14	0.34
MCP1/crea	0.82	0.44	0.72	0.92	0.90	0.76	8.64	0.31
sCD25/crea	0.54	0.52	0.42	0.77	0.62	0.61	1.85	0.75
C5a/crea	0.73	2.93	0.84	0.67	0.72	0.80	2.52	0.24

Validation cohort
	sens	spec	ppv	npv	LR+	LR-
CD3+	0.82	0.89	0.93	0.73	7.41	0.20
CD4+	0.65	0.89	0.92	0.57	5.82	0.40
CD8+	0.47	1.00	1.00	0.50	Inf	0.53
Treg	0.65	0.89	0.92	0.57	5.82	0.40
TH17	0.47	0.89	0.89	0.47	4.24	0.60
TH1	0.12	1.00	1.00	0.38	Inf	0.88

AUC, area under the curve; C5a, complement C5a (pg/g creatinine); Erys dipstick, erythrocytes on urinary dipstick analysis; LR−, negative likelihood ratio; LR+, positive likelihood ratio; MCP-1, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (pg/g creatinine); npv, negative predictive value; ppv, positive predictive value; Prot dipstick, proteinuria on urinary dipstick analysis; sCD163, soluble CD163 (pg/g creatinine); sCD25, soluble CD25 (pg/g creatinine); Sens, sensitivity; Spec, specificity; TH1, T helper 1; TH17, T helper 17; Treg, T regulatory cell;

Ideal cut off was determined in the inception cohort using Youden’s index (i.e. point on the ROC curve with maximum sum of sensitivity and specificity).

^aPresence of acanthocytes in urinary sediment.