Table 3. Odds ratios for COVID-19 Mortality in People With Disabilities .
| Univariate Model | Multivariate Model 1 | Multivariate Model 2 | |||||||
| Crude OR | 95% CI | P Value | Adjusted OR | 95% CI | P Value | Adjusted OR | 95% CI | P Value | |
| Gender | |||||||||
| Male | 1 (Ref) | 1 (Ref) | 1 (Ref) | 1 (Ref) | 1 (Ref) | 1 (Ref) | 1 (Ref) | 1 (Ref) | 1 (Ref) |
| Female | 1.23 | 0.75-2.00 | .41 | 0.89 | 0.51-1.53 | .66 | 0.90 | 0.52-1.56 | .71 |
| Age (y) | |||||||||
| 0-59 | 1 (Ref) | 1 (Ref) | 1 (Ref) | 1 (Ref) | 1 (Ref) | 1 (Ref) | 1 (Ref) | 1 (Ref) | 1 (Ref) |
| 60-69 | 1.53 | 0.66-3.55 | .33 | 1.72 | 0.73-4.05 | .22 | 1.65 | 0.70-3.90 | .26 |
| 70-79 | 2.66 | 1.17-6.05 | .02 | 3.92 | 1.57-9.82 | <.01 | 3.34 | 1.29-8.65 | .01 |
| 80+ | 10.15 | 4.9-20.99 | <.01 | 15.90 | 6.16-41.06 | <.01 | 13.15 | 5.08-34.05 | <.01 |
| Health insurance premium | |||||||||
| Medical aid | 1 (Ref) | 1 (Ref) | 1 (Ref) | 1 (Ref) | 1 (Ref) | 1 (Ref) | 1 (Ref) | 1 (Ref) | 1 (Ref) |
| 1st quintile (lowest) | 1.08 | 0.52-2.23 | .84 | 0.66 | 0.29-1.50 | .32 | 0.66 | 0.29-1.54 | .34 |
| 2nd quintile | 1.37 | 0.49-3.82 | .55 | 0.96 | 0.30-3.10 | .95 | 0.94 | 0.29-3.05 | .92 |
| 3rd quintile | 0.92 | 0.34-2.52 | .87 | 0.87 | 0.29-2.55 | .79 | 0.78 | 0.26-2.33 | .66 |
| 4th quintile | 0.94 | 0.39-2.27 | .89 | 0.44 | 0.16-1.23 | .12 | 0.43 | 0.16-1.17 | .10 |
| 5th quintile (highest) | 1.66 | 0.87-3.17 | .13 | 0.75 | 0.35-1.64 | .47 | 0.73 | 0.33-1.60 | .43 |
| CCI score | |||||||||
| 0 | 1 (Ref) | 1 (Ref) | 1 (Ref) | 1 (Ref) | 1 (Ref) | 1 (Ref) | 1 (Ref) | 1 (Ref) | 1 (Ref) |
| 1 | 1.69 | 0.79-3.61 | .17 | 1.53 | 0.68-3.43 | .30 | 1.44 | 0.64-3.23 | .37 |
| 2 | 2.80 | 1.49-5.28 | <.01 | 1.50 | 0.73-3.09 | .28 | 1.52 | 0.73-3.15 | .26 |
| 3+ | 4.17 | 2.12-8.23 | <.01 | 1.40 | 0.61-3.21 | .43 | 1.37 | 0.6-3.130 | .45 |
| Severity of disability | |||||||||
| Mild | 1 (Ref) | 1 (Ref) | 1 (Ref) | 1 (Ref) | 1 (Ref) | 1 (Ref) | - | - | - |
| Severe | 1.10 | 0.67-1.79 | .71 | 2.49 | 1.33-4.64 | <.01 | - | - | - |
| Type of disability | |||||||||
| Physical disability | 1 (Ref) | 1 (Ref) | 1 (Ref) | - | - | - | 1 (Ref) | 1 (Ref) | 1 (Ref) |
| Brain lesions | 1.34 | 0.64-2.80 | .44 | - | - | - | 1.51 | 0.65-3.51 | .34 |
| Visual disturbance | 0.99 | 0.36-2.74 | .98 | - | - | - | 0.94 | 0.30-2.93 | .92 |
| Hearing impairment | 1.00 | 0.49-2.03 | 1.00 | - | - | - | 0.78 | 0.35-1.73 | .55 |
| Other | 0.64 | 0.34-1.24 | .19 | - | - | - | 1.50 | 0.64-3.54 | .35 |
Abbreviations: CCI, Charlson Comorbidity Index; COVID-19, coronavirus disease 2019; CI, confidence interval; OR, odds ratio.