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. 2023 Apr 14;25:41. doi: 10.1186/s13058-023-01646-z

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© The Author(s) 2023

Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data.

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Fig. 3 — CLDN4 activates SFKs in breast cancer cells via the EC2 and Y197. A, B Confocal images of the indicated proteins in T47D:CLDN4^–/–, MCF-7:CLDN4^–/– and their parental cells. T47D and MCF-7 cells were grown for 24 h in the presence or absence of 1.0 μg/ml C-CPE. Scale bar, 20 μm. C Western blot for the indicated proteins in the revealed breast cancer cells. The protein levels are normalized to the rehybridized β-actin levels, and the relative levels are shown in the histograms. MM231, MDA-MB-231. D The construct of wild-type (WT) and mutant CLDN4 expression vectors. EF-1α, elongation factor-1α; IRES, internal ribosome entry site. E, F Western blot for the indicated proteins in the revealed T47D cells. G Quantitative BrdU assay for the indicated cells. The BrdU/DAPI levels are plotted and shown in the histograms (mean ± SD; n = 5–6)