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. 2023 Apr 15;14:87. doi: 10.1186/s13287-023-03302-x

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© The Author(s) 2023

Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data.

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Fig. 5 — Small molecule and growth factor used in guided dorsal forebrain and ventral forebrain protocols. Molecules and factors are scored by their uses in EB formation and induction of neuroectoderm, proliferation of the neural tissues, or differentiation and maturation of the organoids. Molecules are grouped by their pathways and determined to exert an inhibitory (blue) or stimulating (red) effect on different pathways. Abbreviations top to bottom, left to right, form: formation, Induc: induction, Prolif: proliferation, Diff: differentiation, Mat: maturation, SB431: SB-431542/3, Activin A: Recominbant Human/ Mouse/ Rat Activin A, Dorso: dorsomorphine, LDN: LDN-193189, IWR-1e: IWR-1(endo), CHIR: CHIR99021, Cyclo: cyclopamine, SAG: smoothened agonist, Purmor: purmorphamine, SHH: Recombinant SHH, RA: retinoic acid, Allepreg: allepregnanolone, Ketoco: ketoconazole, Clema: clemastine, GSK: GSK2656157, HGF: hepatocyte growth factor, IGF: Insulin-like growth factor, PDGF: PDGF-AA, AA: ascorbic acid, Doco: docosahexaenoic acid