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. 2023 Mar 16;15(3):e36244. doi: 10.7759/cureus.36244

Table 1. Demographic variables.

pQLB: Posterior quadratus lumborum block; CRNA: Certified registered nurse anesthetist; MSH: Mount Sinai Hospital; MSW: Mount Sinai West; ASA: American Society of Anesthesiology; TIVA: Total intravenous anesthesia

Variables pQLB (n=211) NO pQLB (n=343) P value
Age (in Years) 60 ± 13 59 ± 12 0.5
Sex (Male/Female) 75/136 136/207 0.3
Diabetes 34 (16%) 64 (18%) 0.4
Hypertension 115 (54.5%) 214 (62.4%) 0.05
Smoking Status (Yes/No) 19 (11.1%) 51 (14.8%) 0.04
Anesthesia Team Resident 200 (94.7%) 259 (75.5%) 0.01
CRNA 11 (0.03%) 84 (24.5%)
Hospital Site   MSH 21 (10%)   65 (19%)   0.005
MSW 190 (90%) 278 (81%)
Anesthesia Type   General anesthesia with TIVA 173 17 0.001
General anesthesia with volatile 38 326
ASA Status 1 8 11 0.07
2 126 168
3 67 139
4 10 25
Surgery Duration (min)   136 (118, 161) 151 (120, 182) 0.001
Type of Surgery Laparoscopic 127 (60%) 233 (68%)   0.001
Robotic 84 (40%) 110 (32%)  
Partial 121 (57.3%)   229 (66.7%)  
Radical 90 (42.6%) 114 (33.2%)
Block Timing Before Incision 191 (90%)   - 0.001
After Surgery 20 (10%) -
Local Anesthesia Bupivacaine 202 (95.8%) - 0.001
Ropivacaine 9 (4.2%) -