Fig. 2. The relationship between AR and ferroptosis.

AR can regulate three metabolic pathways in ferroptosis. On the one hand, AR regulate DECR1 to promote the β-oxidation of PUFA, and regulate the lipid composition in the cell membrane through ACSL3 and ACSL4. On the other hand, AR and its mutant AR-V7 increase oxidative resistance by upregulating the level of GPX4 through GSH metabolism mediated by SLC1A4, SLC1A5 and SLC3A2, respectively. Furthermore, AR can promote STAMP2-mediated redox reactions and increase ferrous iron levels in the cytoplasm. At the same time, iron, GSH, and PUFA can also affect the level of AR through different ways.