Table 1.
Baseline patient characteristics at the time of randomisation
| Characteristics | SOC+L n=104 | SOC n=110 |
| Age, years, mean±SD | 55.2±14.7 | 56.4±15.2 |
| BMI, kg/m2, mean±SD | 27.3±5.1 | 27.7±5.6 |
| Female gender at birth, % | 28.8 | 37.3 |
| Ethnicity, % | ||
| South Asian | 75 | 69 |
| White | 24 | 30 |
| Arab | – | 0.91 |
| Comorbidities, % | ||
| BMI≥40 kg/m2 | 2.9 | 4.6 |
| Age ≥70 years | 18.3 | 20 |
| Chronic respiratory disease | 8.7 | 15.5 |
| Chronic cardiovascular disease (including hypertension) | 38.5 | 39.1 |
| Chronic renal disease | 2.9 | 2.7 |
| Diabetes | 23.1 | 20.9 |
| Immunosuppressive diseases | 6.7 | 6.4 |
| Others | ||
| Malignant neoplasm | 3.9 | 2.7 |
| Chronic haematological disease | 1 | 0.9 |
| Chronic neurological disorder | 10.6 | 3.7 |
| Malnutrition | 1 | 0.9 |
| Smoking (present or past) | 21.1 | 20 |
| Symptom duration, day, median (IQR) | 6 (4–8) | 6 (5–8) |
| Time from admission, day, median (IQR) | 2 (1–4) | 2 (1–3) |
| Non-invasive ventilation, % | 4.8 | 7.3 |
| Invasive ventilation, % | 1 | 1.8 |
| NEWS 2 score median (IQR) | 6 (4–8) | 5 (4–8) |
| CRP, mg/L, median (IQR) | 28 (9–77) | 32 (13–64) |
| Transaminase, >ULN, % | ||
| ALT | 44.7 | 31.7 |
| AST | 35.4 | 28.4 |
| Stratification, % | ||
| Group 1 | 12.5 | 14.5 |
| Group 2 | 14.4 | 16.4 |
| Group 3 | 48.1 | 46.4 |
| Group 4 | 25 | 22.7 |
Group 1: high/moderate comorbidity risk with NEWS2 score ≥5; group 2: high/moderate comorbidity risk with NEWS2 score <5; group 3: low comorbidity risk with NEWS2 score ≥5 and group 4: low comorbidity risk with NEWS2 score <5. ULN values: ALT 49 U/L; AST 48 U/L; Immunosuppressive diseases: asplenia, rheumatological disorder.
ALT, alanine transaminase; AST, aspartate transaminase; BMI, body mass index; CRP, C reactive protein; NEWS2, National Early Warning Score 2; SOC, standard of care; ULN, upper limits of normal.