TABLE 2.

Ex-vivo results of the elastic properties of breast tissues, reported in literature.

Experiment	Tissue types	Experimental protocol	Results/Conclusions	Authors
Ex-vivo	Adipose	Compression tests	Compression: 5∖%; 20∖%	Krouskop et al. (1998)
	Glandular	0.1, 1, and 4 Hz	Eadipose = 18 ± 7–22 ± 12; = 20 ± 8–24 ± 6
	Fibrous DCIS	Compression of 5% and 20%	Eglandular = 28 ± 14–35 ± 14; = 48 ± 15–66 ± 17
	IDC		Efibrous = 96 ± 34–116 ± 28; = 218 ± 87–244 ± 85 EDCIS = 22 ± 8–26 ± 5; 291 ± 67–307 ± 78 EIDC = 93 ± 33–112 ± 43; 460 ± 178–558 ± 180
	Adipose	Indentation tests 2N load for 10 cycles Strain rate: 50, 200, 1,000% and 2000%/s	Strain: from 0.01 to 0.15	Wellman et al. (1999)
	Glandular		Eadipose = 4.8 ± 2.5–17.4 ± 8.4
	Phyllodes tumor		Eglandular = 17.5 ± 8.6–271.8 ± 167.7
	Papilloma		Ephyllodes = 56.6–297.7
	Lobular carcinoma		Epapilloma = 22.2 ± 5.8–537.8 ± 209.1 ELC = 34.7–628.4
	Fibroadenoma IDC		Efibroadenoma = 45.5 ± 20.1–889.2 ± 205 EIDC = 47.1 ± 19.8–1,366.5 ± 348.2 EDCIS = 71.2–2,162.1
	DCIS
	Adipose	Indentation tests	Eadipose = 1.9 kPa	Samani et al. (2003)
	Fibroglandular	Preload = 0.5–2.0 g	Efibroglandular = 1.8 kPa
	High grade DC	0.5 mm and 0.02–0.1 Hz	Ecarcinoma = 12.0 kPa
		Preconditioning: 25 cycles + Test: 5 cycles
	Fibroadenoma	Indentation tests	Efibroadenoma = 11.42 ± 1.56 kPa EDCIS = 14.15 ± 0.35 kPa EILC = 18.57 ± 0.85 kPa EIDC = 22.55 ± 2.95 kPa	Samani and Plewes (2007)
	High grade DCIS	Preload = 0.01–0.03 N
	Infiltrating LC	0.5 mm and 0.1 Hz
	IDC	Preconditioning: 25 cycles + Test: 5 cycles
	Adipose	Indentation tests Preload = 3.0 g 0.5 mm and 0.1 Hz Preconditioning: 25 cycles + Test: 5cycles	Eadipose = 3.25 ± 0.91	Samani et al. (2007)
	Fibroglandular		Efibroglandular = 3.24 ± 0.61
	Fibroadenomas		Efibroadenoma = 6.41 ± 2.86
	Low grade IDC		ElowIDC = 10.40 ± 2.6 EILC = 15.62 ± 2.64 EDCIS = 16.38 ± 1.55
	ILC
	DCIS
	Fibrocystic disease		Efibrocystic = 17.11 ± 7.35
	Intermediate grade IDC		EintIDC = 19.99 ± 4.2
	High grade IDC		EhighIDC = 42.52 ± 12.47 EIMC = 20.21
	IMC
	Fat necrosis		Enecrosis = 4.45
	Adipose	Indentation test Up to 30% strain at 1 mm/min (50% for fat or gland)	Eadipose = 0.69 ± 0.19–19.08 ± 4.99	Umemoto et al. (2014)
	Glandular		Eglandular = 0.73 ± 0.18–16.99 ± 4.92
	IDP		EIDP = 3.13 ± 1.74–12.30 ± 4.29
	DCIS		EDCIS = 5.25 ± 0.46–16.15 ± 4.24
	Invasive carcinomas		Einvasive = 13.82 ± 9.60–30.50 ± 11.46
	IDC, ILC, MC, Metaplastic carcinoma
	Adipose	Indentation tests Up to 30% strain at 1 mm/min (50% for fat or gland)	Eadipose = 0.7 ± 0.2–17.3 ± 4.8	Matsumura et al. (2009)
	Glandular		Eglandular = 0.8 ± 0.2–15.4 ± 3.9
	DCIS		EDCIS = 3.4 ± 1.3–15.6 ± 2.0
	MCIDC		Emucinous = 9.2 ± 1.7–18.9 ± 2.3
			EIDC = 11.5 ± 8.4–27.0 ± 9.2
	human DAT (breast)	Indentation tests 0.5mm and 0.1 Hz Preconditioning: 25 cycles + Test: 5 cycles	EDAT = 3.460 ± 1.210 kPa	Omidi et al. (2014)