Table 1.
Tomographic and Functional Characteristics Before and After Three Doses of Intravitreal Ziv-Aflibercept in Patients with Diabetic Macular Edema
| At the Start of Treatment | After 3rd Dose | p | |
|---|---|---|---|
| BCVA (LogMAR)* | 0.6 ± 0.33 | 0.4 ± 0.29 | <0.001 |
| Central macular thickness* | 501 ± 167 µm | 324 ± 114 µm | <0.001 |
| Macular volume† | 10.8 (7.5–17.8) mm3 | 9.3 (0–13.6) mm3 | <0.001 |
| Cysts | NE | ||
| Absent | 0% (n=0) | 28,3% (n=15) | |
| Mild | 11.3% (n=6) | 24.5% (n=13) | |
| Moderate | 32.1% (n=17) | 20.8% (n=11) | |
| Severe | 56.6% (n=30) | 26.4% (n=14) | |
| EZ/ELM | <0.001 | ||
| Intact | 39.6% (n=21) | 69.8% (n=37) | |
| Disruption | 26.4% (n=14) | 18.9% (n=10) | |
| Absent | 34% (n=18) | 11.3% (n=6) | |
| DRIL | <0.001 | ||
| Absent | 22.6% (n=12) | 71.7% (n=38) | |
| Present | 77.4% (n=41) | 28.3% (n=15) | |
| Hyperreflective foci | 1.0 | ||
| <30 foci | 77.4% (n=44) | 77.4% (n=44) | |
| >30 foci | 22.6% (n=12) | 22.6% (n=12) | |
| Subretinal fluid | 0.005 | ||
| Absent | 71.7% (n=38) | 92.5% (n=49) | |
| Present | 28.3% (n=15) | 7.5% (n=4) | |
| Vitreous/retinal ratio | NC | ||
| Absence of VMTS | 66% (n=35) | 83% (n=44) | |
| Incomplete PVD | 24.5% (n=13) | 1.9% (n=1) | |
| Complete PVD | 0% (n=0) | 0% (n=0) | |
| VMTS | 1.9% (n=1) | 0% (n=0) | |
| ERM | 87.5% (n=4) | 15.1% (n=8) | |
| DME Staging | NC | ||
| No edema | 0% (n=0) | 64.2% (n=34) | |
| Early | 20.8% (n=11) | 7.5% (n=4) | |
| Advanced | 45.3% (n=24) | 17% (n=9) | |
| Severe | 28.3% (n=15) | 3.8% (n=2) | |
| Atrophic | 5.7% (n=3) | 7.5% (n=4) |
Notes: *Mean ± standard deviation †Median (range).
Abbreviations: EZ/OLM, ellipsoid zone/outer limiting membrane; DRIL, disorganization of retinal inner layers; VMTS, vitreomacular traction syndrome; PVD, posterior vitreous detachment; ERM, epiretinal membrane; NC, not calculated.