Table 4.

Factors associated with no improvement in blood pressure and fasting plasma glucose at follow-up.

	Model 1		Model 2		Model 3
	cOR (95%CI)	P	aOR (95%CI)	P	aOR (95%CI)	P
Adherence to lifestyle advice
Yes	1.000 (Reference)		1.000 (Reference)		1.000 (Reference)
No	1.498 (1.326–1.692)	<0.001	1.469 (1.299–1.661)	<0.001	1.548 (1.356–1.766)	<0.001
Enrolment in team-based care
Active	1.000 (Reference)		1.000 (Reference)		1.000 (Reference)
Non-active	1.391 (1.168–1.657)	<0.001	1.391 (1.164–1.662)	<0.001	1.379 (1.128–1.685)	0.001
Changes in BMI	1.029 (0.993–1.066)	0.115	1.027 (1.008–1.046)	0.004	1.045 (1.003–1.089)	0.037
Number of medications taken	1.039 (0.962–1.122)	0.330	1.037 (0.960–1.121)	0.358
Number of chronic diseases	1.124 (0.970–1.303)	0.119	1.088 (0.936–1.264)	0.273
Age
< 60 years	1.000 (Reference)		1.000 (Reference)
60–70 years	0.929 (0.798–1.081)	0.343	0.959 (0.816–1.128)	0.616
> 70 years	0.910 (0.778–1.066)	0.243	0.982 (0.823–1.170)	0.835
Sex
Male	1.000 (Reference)		1.000 (Reference)
Female	0.887 (0.786–1.001)	0.052	0.933 (0.823–1.059)	0.283
Education
Below primary school	1.000 (Reference)		1.000 (Reference)
Primary school	1.151 (0.909–1.456)	0.244	1.115 (0.876–1.419)	0.378
Secondary school and above	1.223 (0.954–1.567)	0.112	1.149 (0.879–1.503)	0.309
Months of follow-up
< 12 months	1.000 (Reference)		1.000 (Reference)
≥ 12 months	0.987 (0.832–1.171)	0.879	1.038 (0.870–1.238)	0.680

Note: cOR, crude odds ratio; aOR, adjusted odds ratio; CI, confidence interval; BMI, body mass index.

Dependent variable: no improvement in both blood pressure and fasting plasma glucose (Y = 1) vs. either improvement in blood pressure or fasting plasma glucose (Y = 0). All independent predictor variables that were statistically significant in the saturated model (Model 2) were included in the final model (Model 3). The baseline BP and FPG were fitted as covariates.