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. 2023 Apr 17:1–19. Online ahead of print. doi: 10.1007/s13132-023-01303-y

Table 5.

Estimated long-run coefficients using the ARDL approach

ARDL (1, 0, 0, 2, 2, 0, 0), selected based on Akaike information criterion (AIC)
Dependent variable is lnRGDP
44 observations used for estimation from 1974 to 2017
Regressors Coefficients ST. Error T-Ratio [Prob]
lnGK 0.277782 0.044000 6.313209 [0.0000]***
lnAID −0.058661 0.018955 −3.094804 [0.0042]***
lnEXD −0.089451 0.015507 −5.768575 [0.0000]***
lnEXHE 0.397666 0.034984 11.367015 [0.0000]***
lnEXT −0.098263 0.031894 −3.080921 [0.0044]***
INF 0.001433 0.000925 1.548245 [0.1320]
C 8.603722 0.402023 21.401095 [0.0000]***
R-squared 0.998319 Mean dependent variable 12.32627
Adjusted R-squared 0.997703 S.D. dependent variable 0.711583
S.E. of regression 0.034107 Akaike info criterion −3.683677
Sum squared residual 0.034898 Schwarz criterion −3.187199
Log likelihood 89.35721 DW statistics 2.297730
F-statistic 1619.671 [0.000]