Figure 2. Activation of the cGAS/STING pathway in PolgA ^mut/mut cells.

1. Gene annotation enrichment analysis showing the top five upregulated (orange) and downregulated (blue) GO terms in a data set obtained from proteomic analysis of total protein extracts of PolgA ^mut/mut (n = 4) and PolgA ^+/+ (n = 3) cells.
2. Absolute quantification of the cytoplasmic mtDNA genes Nd2 and Nd4 in PolgA ^+/+ and PolgA ^mut/mut cell lines.
3. Scheme of cGAS/STING pathway activation upon mtDNA sensing (Created with BioRender.com).
4. Representative Western blots for the analysis of the cGAS/STING signaling pathway in PolgA ^+/+ and PolgA ^mut/mut cells with β‐actin serving as loading control.
5. Secreted IFNβ in supernatants from three distinct PolgA ^+/+ and PolgA ^mut/mut cell lines. The 15.81 pg/ml detected by ELISA in PolgA ^mut/mut cell supernatants corresponds to 18.97 IU/ml recombinant mouse (rm) IFN‐β according to the R&D Systems cytokine conversion table (https://www.rndsystems.com/cn/resources/technical‐information/unit‐conversion‐table).
6. RT‐qPCR analysis of Stat1 in three different PolgA ^+/+ and three PolgA ^mut/mut cell lines.
7. Western blot analysis of pospho (Tyr701)‐STAT1 and STAT1 with β‐actin as loading control in PolgA ^+/+ and PolgA ^mut/mut cells.
8. Densitometric analysis of pSTAT1 and STAT1 expression normalized to β‐actin and set to 1 in three PolgA ^+/+ or three PolgA ^mut/mut cell lines.

Data information: Data are shown as the mean ± SEM of three biological replicates and were analyzed with two‐tailed unpaired Student's t‐test. Asterisks indicate significance as *P < 0.05.

Source data are available online for this figure.