Figure 3: Therapeutic opportunities at the intersection of neuroscience and cancer biology.

Increased understanding of nervous system-cancer crosstalk is beginning to elucidate therapeutic targets for a variety of cancer. While these targets vary in a tumor- specific manner, examples are shown here of the target structure or principle (dark green), a relevant molecular target (light green) and example of a drug or drug class that may prove useful for therapy (yellow). Please note that only examples are shown, and each target is not necessarily relevant for every tumor type; for instance, targeting AMPAR-mediated synapses using the anti-seizure medication parampanel has, to date, only been demonstrated as a potential strategy for gliomas. Each therapeutic strategy requires testing in prospective clinical trials, which has been initiated for several of those (see text).