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. 2023 Apr 17:1–15. Online ahead of print. doi: 10.1038/s44222-023-00052-6

Fig. 4. Optogenetics-based synthetic phase-separation systems allow investigation of intracellular phase behaviours.

Fig. 4

a, The OptoDroplet system consists of a light-activated Cry2 domain fused to an IDP. Activation of light intensity tunes the intermolecular interaction strength86. b, The CasDrop system mechanically restructures the genome by light-activated condensate formation on a targeted genomic locus114. Cry2, cryptochrome 2; dCAS9, enzymatically dead Cas9; iLID, improved light-induced dimer; mCh, mCherry; scFV, single-chain variable fragment; sfGFP, superfolder green fluorescence protein; sspB, stringent starvation protein B; ST, SunTag; TR, transcriptional regulator. Part a reprinted with permission from ref. 86, CellPress, Elsevier. Part b reprinted with permission from ref. 114, CellPress, Elsevier.