Table 1.
Demographic characteristics of the participating cohorts.
| Dataset | Training cohort (BQC19) | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| COVID-19 severity | Severe | Critical | |||
| All samples (n = 417) | Cases (n = 175) | Controls (n = 242) | Cases (n = 93) | Controls (n = 324) | |
| Age in years* | 65.3 (18.4) | 67.6 (17.6) | 63.7 (18.8) | 66.7 (16.5) | 64.9 (18.9) |
| Female sex** | 200 (48.0) | 82 (46.9) | 118 (48.8) | 36 (38.7) | 164 (50.6) |
| Sample processing time (hours)* | 9.7 (13.4) | 7.5 (6.5) | 11.3 (16.5) | 7.0 (6.3) | 10.4 (14.8) |
| Hospital site** | |||||
| CHUM | 105 (25.2) | 42 (24.0) | 63 (26.0) | 32 (34.4) | 73 (22.5) |
| JGH | 312 (74.8) | 133 (76.0) | 179 (74.0) | 61 (65.6) | 251 (77.5) |
| Diabetes** | |||||
| No | 288 (69.1) | 100 (57.1) | 188 (77.7) | 54 (58.1) | 234 (72.2) |
| Yes | 127 (30.5) | 75 (42.9) | 52 (21.5) | 39 (41.9) | 88 (27.2) |
| Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease** | |||||
| No | 358 (85.9) | 145 (82.9) | 213 (88.0) | 77 (82.8) | 281 (86.7) |
| Yes | 57 (13.7) | 30 (17.1) | 27 (11.2) | 16 (17.2) | 41 (12.7) |
| Chronic kidney disease** | |||||
| No | 363 (87.1) | 151 (86.3) | 212 (87.6) | 77 (82.8) | 286 (88.3) |
| Yes | 52 (12.5) | 24 (13.7) | 28 (11.6) | 16 (17.2) | 36 (11.1) |
| Congestive heart failure** | |||||
| No | 355 (85.1) | 152 (86.9) | 203 (83.9) | 80 (86.0) | 275 (84.9) |
| Yes | 60 (14.4) | 23 (13.1) | 37 (15.3) | 13 (14.0) | 47 (14.5) |
| Hypertension** | |||||
| No | 179 (42.9) | 67 (38.3) | 112 (46.3) | 31 (33.3) | 148 (45.7) |
| Yes | 235 (56.4) | 107 (61.1) | 128 (52.9) | 61 (65.6) | 174 (53.7) |
| Liver disease** | |||||
| No | 403 (96.6) | 172 (98.3) | 231 (95.5) | 91 (97.8) | 312 (96.3) |
| Yes | 12 (2.9) | 3 (1.7) | 9 (3.7) | 2 (2.2) | 10 (3.1) |
| Smoking status** | |||||
| Current smoker | 13 (3.1) | 6 (3.4) | 7 (2.9) | 5 (5.4) | 8 (2.5) |
| Ex-smoker | 47 (11.3) | 21 (12.0) | 26 (10.7) | 11 (11.8) | 36 (11.1) |
| Never smoker | 233 (55.9) | 98 (56.0) | 135 (55.8) | 40 (43.0) | 193 (59.6) |
| Dataset | Testing cohort (Mount Sinai) | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| COVID-19 severity | Severe | Critical | |||
| All samples (n = 569) | Cases (n = 392) | Controls (n = 177) | Cases (n = 233) | Controls (n = 336) | |
| Age in years* | 59.6 (19.4) | 63.0 (17.1) | 52.1 (22.1) | 63.7 (16.7) | 56.8 (20.6) |
| Female sex** | 238 (41.8) | 154 (39.3) | 84 (47.5) | 87 (37.3) | 151 (44.9) |
*Mean (SD).
**N (%). When the counts of each cell do not sum to the total sample size, this is due to missing data or the patient answering, “I do not know”.
Severe—Cases individuals who tested positive for COVID-19 and died or required any type of respiratory support (including oxygen delivered by nasal prongs). Controls: individuals with COVID-19 but did not meet severe case criteria or individuals who presented with symptoms of COVID-19 but were SARS-CoV-2 PCR negative.
Critical—Cases individuals who tested positive for COVID-19 and died or required respiratory support (intubation, continuous positive airway pressure, bilevel positive airway pressure, continuous external negative pressure, or high flow positive end expiratory pressure oxygen). Controls: individuals with COVID-19 but did not meet critical case criteria or individuals who presented with symptoms of COVID-19 but were SARS-CoV-2 PCR negative.
Sample Processing Time time in hours between sample collection and sample freezing.
CHUM Samples recruited from the Centre Hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal.
JGH Samples recruited from the Jewish General Hospital.