TABLE 2.

Mann–Kendall (MK) trend test and Sen's slope (SS) test parameters of gap‐filled time‐series based on expert interpretation. Parameters for each disturbance agent per ecozone as well as for their sum (total disturbance)

Expert gap‐filled	Wind		Fire		Bark beetles		Other biotic		Other abiotic		Total disturbance
	MK tau	SS	MK tau	SS	MK tau	SS	MKs tau	SS	MKs tau	SS	MK tau	SS
Europe	0.47*	309,294	0.35*	99,609	0.64*	182,897	0.82*	134,773	0.53*	46,313	0.64*	844,998
Alpine	0.35*	31,721	−0.4*	−953	0.72*	30,763	0.13	13,748	0.14	1060	0.56*	92,208
Atlantic	−0.08	0	0.23	62	0	0	0	0	0	0	0.07	14
East Med.	−0.13	−3	0.04	2294	0	0	0	0	0	0	0.02	1389
Central Med.	0.7*	10,996	0.22	20,300	0.75*	4364	0.78*	25,303	0.40*	2836	0.61*	91,680
Central Pannonic	0.56*	139,002	0.44*	13,226	0.53*	92,337	0.75*	78,782	0.44*	30,697	0.76*	407,953
Northern /Baltic	0.41*	43,351	−0.06	−344	−0.4*	−17,595	0.51*	3620	−0.1	−24	0.3*	43,871
Sub‐Atlantic	0.19	24,605	−0.31*	−9174	0.52*	19,852	0.41*	6622	0.18	1066	0.37*	90,402
West Med.	0.18	0	0.29*	42,758	0	0	0	0	0	0	0.29*	49,020

Note: Europe indicates the sum over the 34 countries included in the study. MK test indicates the direction of the trend (between −1 and +1) and the * indicate the significance of the trend at α = .05 confidence level. SS indicates the effect size, that is, the average magnitude of the trend's yearly change (in m³). The parameters of the same tests on reported‐only and gap‐filled reported time‐series are available in the supplementary materials 4.

Europe indicates the sum over the 34 countries included in the study (bold values).