FIGURE 1.

Obesity is a chronic disease characterized by altered distribution and metabolism of the adipose tissue. Multiple environmental, genetic, and physiologic factors determine the distribution and metabolism of the adipose tissue. Adiposity can manifest as atherosclerosis or visceral adiposity, which affects a range of organs, leading to complications, including CVD and T2D. In contrast, subcutaneous adiposity has a lesser impact on disease. Adiposity collectively negatively affects quality of life, clinical outcomes, risk factors for disease, and prognosis. CKD, chronic kidney disease; CVD, cardiovascular disease; NAFLD, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease; T2D, type 2 diabetes. ^aFor example, socioeconomic factors and lack of access to healthy food, physical exercise, and health care