Table 1.
Presentation of the epidemiologic, histopathologic, and APOBEC3B (A3B) immunophenotypic characteristics of the primary head and neck mucosal melanomas included in this cohort
| Case # | Gender/age (years) | Location | Growth pattern | Ulceration | Cellular features | Mitoses per mm2 | TILs | Necrosis | PNI | LVI | APOBEC3B staining (H‐score) | Ancillary IHC markers |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Oral mucosal melanomas | ||||||||||||
| 1M | M/54 | Palate | Nodular | Absent | Epithelioid, spindle | 1 | Non‐brisk | Absent | No | No | Selective, nuclear (26) | S100+, HMB45+ |
| 2M | F/68 | Floor of mouth | Nodular | Absent | Spindle | 0 | Non‐brisk | Absent | No | No | Selective, nuclear (23) | Not available |
| 3M | M/69 | Palate/ maxillary gingiva | Nodular | Present | Epithelioid, spindle | 2 | Non‐brisk | Absent | No | No | Selective, nuclear (40) | S100+, HMB45+, Melan A+, Tyrosinase+ |
| 4M | M/71 | Maxillary gingiva | Nodular | Present | Spindle | 1 | Non‐brisk | Absent | No | No | Diffuse, nuclear (43) | Melan A+ |
| 5M | F/71 | Palate | Nodular | Present | Epithelioid | 14 | Non‐brisk | Absent | No | No | Diffuse, nuclear (46) | S100+, HMB45+ |
| 6M | M/62 | Palate | Melanoma in situ with invasion | Absent | Epithelioid | 3 | Brisk | Absent | No | No | Selective, nuclear (37) | S100+, HMB45+, Melan A+ |
| 7M | F/62 | Palate | Nodular | Present | Epithelioid, spindle | 17 | Non‐brisk | Absent | No | No | Negative (9) | Not available |
| 8M | F/79 | Maxillary gingiva | Nodular | Present | Spindle | 50 | Non‐brisk | Absent | No | No | Diffuse, nuclear (46) | S100+, HMB45+, Melan A+, Tyrosinase+ |
| 9M | M/69 | Palate | Melanoma in situ with invasion | Absent | Epithelioid | 0 | Non‐brisk | Absent | No | No | Selective, nuclear (37) | HMB45+, Melan A+ |
| 10M | M/76 | Palate | Nodular | Present | Spindle | 1 | Non‐brisk | Absent | No | No | Selective, nuclear (66) | S100+, HMB45+, Melan A+, Tyrosinase+ |
| 11M | F/71 | Mid‐palate, torus area | Nodular | Absent | Spindle, epithelioid | 4 | Brisk | Absent | No | No | Diffuse, nuclear (53) | S100+, HMB45+, Melan A+ |
| 12M | F/46 | Maxillary tuberosity | Nodular | Present | Spindle, epithelioid | 10 | Non‐brisk | Present | No | Yes | Diffuse, nuclear (72) | SOX10+, Melan A+, HMB45+ |
| 13M | F/89 | Maxillary tuberosity | Nodular | Present | Spindle | 6 | Non‐brisk | Absent | No | No | Selective, nuclear (26) | SOX10+, S100+, Melan A+, HMB45+ |
| Sinonasal mucosal melanomas | ||||||||||||
| 14 M | F/71 | Maxillary sinus | Nodular | Absent | Epithelioid, plasmacytoid | 4 | Non‐brisk | Present | No | No | Diffuse, nuclear (78) | HMB‐45+, Melan A+ |
| 15 M | F/89 | Maxillary sinus | Nodular | Absent | Epithelioid, spindle | 18 | Non‐brisk | Absent | No | No | Diffuse, nuclear (99) | Negative for melanocytic markers |
| 16 M | F/53 | Pharynx | Nodular | Absent | Epithelioid, rhabdoid, multinucleated, anaplastic | 21 | Non‐brisk | Present | No | No | Diffuse, nuclear (54) | S100+, HMB45+, Tyrosinase+, SOX10+ |
| 17 M | M/64 | Ethmoid | Nodular | Absent | Epithelioid, spindle | 16 | Non‐brisk | Absent | No | No | Negative (6) | S100+, HMB45+, Melan A+, Tyrosinase+ |
| 18 M | F/84 | Nasal cavity | Nodular | Absent | Epithelioid, plasmacytoid | 25 | Non‐brisk | Absent | Yes | No | Diffuse, nuclear (54) | S100+, Melan A+ |
| 19 M | F/66 | Nasal cavity | Nodular | Present | Epithelioid | 25 | Non‐brisk | Absent | No | No | Negative (9) | Not Available |
| 20 M | F/69 | Frontal sinus recess | Nodular | Present | Epithelioid, plasmacytoid, rhabdoid | 5 | Non‐brisk | Present | No | No | Selective, nuclear (24) | S100+, HMB45+ |
| 21 M | F/70 | Nasal cavity | Nodular, peritheliomatous | Present | Epithelioid | 6 | Non‐brisk | Present | No | No | Negative (1) | S100+, HMB45+, Melan A+ |
| 22 M | M/91 | Sinonasal, NOS | Nodular | Present | Epithelioid, plasmacytoid, anaplastic | 4 | Non‐brisk | Present | No | No | Selective, nuclear (15) | S100+, HMB45+, Melan A+, SOX10+ |
| 23 M | M/64 | Nasal cavity | Nodular, peritheliomatous | Present | Epithelioid, plasmacytoid | 10 | Non‐brisk | Absent | Yes | No | Diffuse, nuclear (40) | S100+, HMB45+, Melan A+ |
| 24 M | F/67 | Sinonasal, NOS | Nodular | Absent | Epithelioid, spindle, rhabdoid, multinucleated, anaplastic | 18 | Non‐brisk | Absent | No | No | Diffuse, nuclear (110) | SOX10+, S100+ |
| 25 M | M/73 | Maxillary sinus | Nodular | Present | Epithelioid | 10 | Non‐brisk | Present | Yes | No | Negative for A3B (6); strong and diffuse, cytoplasmic A3G staining | S100+, HMB45+, Melan A+, SOX10+ |
| 26 M | M/51 | Nasal cavity | Nodular | Present | Epithelioid, spindle | 5 | Non‐brisk | Absent | Yes | No | Negative for A3B (7); strong and diffuse, cytoplasmic A3G staining | S100+, HMB45+, Melan A+, SOX10+ |
M, male; F, female; TILS, tumour‐infiltrating lymphocytes; PNI, perineural invasion; LVI, lymphovascular invasion; IHC, immunohistochemistry; A3G, APOBEC3G; NOS, not otherwise specified.