Table 3.

Subgroup analyses stratified by gender and race

	Model 1 β (95% CI)	Model 2 β (95% CI)	Model 3 β (95% CI)
PLR (quartile)
Q1	Reference	Reference	Reference
Q2	− 0.005 (− 0.014, 0.004) 0.239	− 0.004 (− 0.013, 0.004) 0.336	− 0.002 (− 0.010, 0.006) 0.642
Q3	− 0.010 (− 0.019, − 0.002) 0.018	− 0.009 (− 0.017, − 0.001) 0.038	− 0.006 (− 0.014, 0.001) 0.108
Q4	− 0.014 (− 0.023, − 0.005) 0.001	− 0.014 (− 0.023, − 0.006) 0.001	− 0.011 (− 0.019, − 0.004) 0.005
P for trend	< 0.001	< 0.001	< 0.001
Subgroup analysis stratified by gender
Male	− 0.002 (− 0.003, − 0.001) < 0.001	− 0.003 (− 0.004, − 0.002) < 0.001	− 0.002 (− 0.003, − 0.001) < 0.001
Female	− 0.000 (− 0.001, 0.000) 0.395	0.000 (− 0.001, 0.001) 0.822	0.000 (− 0.001, 0.001) 0.596
Subgroup analysis stratified by age
Age < 18	− 0.003 (− 0.004, − 0.001) 0.006	− 0.002 (− 0.004, − 0.001) 0.004	− 0.001 (− 0.001, − 0.000) 0.002
Age 18–45	0.000 (− 0.001, − 0.000) 0.025	− 0.000 (− 0.001, 0.001) 0.488	− 0.000 (− 0.001, 0.000) 0.392
Age 45–60	− 0.002 (− 0.003, − 0.001) 0.002	− 0.001 (− 0.003, − 0.000) 0.026	− 0.001 (− 0.002, 0.000) 0.179
Age ≥ 60	− 0.002 (− 0.003, − 0.000) 0.013	− 0.002 (− 0.003, − 0.000) 0.015	− 0.001 (− 0.002, 0.000) 0.227

Logistic regression models: Model 1: no covariates were adjusted. Model 2 was adjusted for demographic factors, including gender, age, race. Model 3 was adjusted for gender, age, race, education, smoking behavior, alcohol consumption, BMI, HbA1c, albumin, blood urea nitrogen, total cholesterol, triglycerides, total calcium, creatinine, phosphorus, uric acid