Table 1.
Baseline characteristics of research participants in this study and de novo Parkinson’s disease participants in the Parkinson’s Progression Markers Initiative.
| Characteristic | PD cohort (n = 82) | Control cohort (n = 50) | p value | PPMI de novo cohort (n = 423) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Demographic characteristics | Age, y | 63.3 (9.4) | 60.2 (9.9) | 0.07 | 61.7 (9.7) |
| Male, n (%) | 46 (56) | 18 (36) | 0.03 | 277 (65) | |
| Race, n (%) | 0.81 | ||||
| White | 78 (95) | 48 (96) | 391 (92) | ||
| Black or African American | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0) | 6 (1) | ||
| Asian | 3 (4) | 1 (2) | 8 (2) | ||
| Not specified | 1 (1) | 1 (2) | 18 (4) | ||
| Hispanic or Latino, n (%) | 3 (4) | 1 (2) | 0.99 | 9 (2) | |
| Education >12 Years, n (%) | 78 (95) | 48 (96) | 0.99 | 347 (82) | |
| Clinical characteristics | Right or mixed handedness, n (%) | 74 (90) | 47 (94) | 0.53 | 385 (91) |
| Parkinson’s disease duration, months | 10.0 (7.3) | N/A | N/A | 6.7 (6.5) | |
| Hoehn & Yahr, n (%) | <0.001 | ||||
| Stage 0 | 0 (0) | 49 (100) | 0 (0) | ||
| Stage 1 | 19 (23) | 0 (0) | 185 (44) | ||
| Stage 2 | 62 (76) | 0 (0) | 236 (56) | ||
| Stage 3-5 | 1 (1) | 0 (0) | 2 (0.5) | ||
| MDS-UPDRS | |||||
| Total Score | 35.2 (12.4) | 5.9 (5.3) | <0.001 | 32.4 (13.1) | |
| Part I | 5.5 (3.6) | 2.8 (2.6) | <0.001 | 5.6 (4.1) | |
| Part II | 5.6 (3.8) | 0.4 (1.0) | <0.001 | 5.9 (4.2) | |
| Part III | 24.1 (10.2) | 2.7 (3.5) | <0.001 | 20.9 (8.9) | |
| Montreal Cognitive Assessment | 27.6 (1.4) | 28.1 (1.5) | 0.04 | 27.1 (2.3) | |
| Parkinson’s Disease Quality of Life Questionnaire | 7.7 (6.7) | N/A | N/A | N/A | |
| Geriatric Depression Scale (Short Version) | 1.6 (1.9) | 1.0 (1.2) | 0.05 | 2.3 (2.4) | |
| REM Sleep Behavior Disorder Questionnaire | 4.4 (3.1) | 2.7 (2.0) | <0.001 | 4.1 (2.7) | |
| Epworth Sleepiness Scale | 4.9 (3.2) | 4.6 (3.7) | 0.66 | 5.8 (3.5) | |
| Scale for Outcomes in Parkinson’s Disease for Autonomic Symptoms | 9.1 (5.1) | 5.3 (4.2) | <0.001 | 9.5 (6.2) |
PD Parkinson’s disease, PPMI Parkinson’s Progression Markers Initiative, N/A Not available, MDS-UPDRS Movement Disorder Society-Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale.
Results are mean (standard deviation) for continuous measures and n (%) for categorical measures.
One control cohort participant is missing the Hoehn & Yahr and MDS-UPDRS scores and one additional is missing the MDS-UPDRS part III and total scores.