Table 1.
Patient demographics.
| bvFTD | svPPA | nfvPPA/indeterminate PPA | FTD‐ALS | Psychiatric illness | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Number | 38 | 4 | 16 | 1 | 1 |
| Age (y) | 59.2 (45.0–74.2) | 63.1 (56.0–70.1) | 59.0 (45.2–78.8) | 52.7 | 58.0 |
| Age at onset (y) | 57.0 (30.0–72.0) | 60.0 (55.0–64.0) | 59.0 (44.0–77.0) | 50.0 | ‐ |
| Disease duration (y) | 3.0 (0–24.2) | 3.1 (1.0–6.1) | 2.0 (0–6.0) | 2.7 | ‐ |
| Male sex, n (%) | 17 (45%) | 1 (25%) | 5 (31%) | 1 (100%) | 1 (100%) |
| Population (C:M:I:F:O) | 25:2:2:7:2 | 4:0:0:0:0 | 7:0:0:8:1 | 1:0:0:0:0 | 1:0:0:0:0 |
| Family history of dementia or psychiatric diseases, n (%) 1 | 15 (40%) | 0 | 9 (56%) | 0 | 1 (100%) |
| CDR‐SOB 2 | 6.0 (1.0–18.0) | 5.5 (3.0–8.0) | 3.0 (0–16.0) | 8 | – |
| FTLD‐CDR‐SOB 3 | 9.0 (3.5–24.0) | 8.5 (6.0–11.0) | 8.5 (1.5–22.0) | 12 | – |
| MMSE score 4 | 21.0 (4.0–30.0) | 14.5 (4.0–29.0) | 20.0 (3.0–30.0) | – | 29 |
| MoCA score 5 | 15.0 (2.0–29.0) | 25 | 17.0 (7.0–26.0) | – | 25 |
| Plasma NfL (pg/mL) 6 | 25.5 (5.0–70.8) | 66.7 (37.0–119.6) | 31.2 (9.0–1168.4) | 206.4 | 17.2 |
| CSF NfL (pg/mL) 7 | 1014.4 (433–3928) | 1195.6 | 5167.7 (626–9709) | 6294.9 | 2361.2 |
| Mutation | MAPT Gln351Arg, GRN Cys92Ter, TREM2 Arg47Cys, OPTN Lys328GlufsTer11, C9orf72 expansion (50–70 repeats) | GRN c.462 + 1 G > C, GRN Ser301Ter, OPTN Lys328GlufsTer1, C9orf72 expansion (35–70 repeats) | C9orf72 expansion (62 repeats) |
Values are presented as median (min–max) or n (%). MMSE, mini‐mental state examination; MoCA, Montreal cognitive assessment; bvFTD, behavioural variant frontotemporal dementia; svPPA, semantic variant primary progressive aphasia; nfvPPA, non‐fluent variant primary progressive aphasia; FTD‐ALS, frontotemporal dementia with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Race: C = Chinese, M = Malay, I = Indian, F = Filipino, O = Others. MMSE and MoCA scores presented are absolute values out of a maximum score of 30. A higher score denotes better performance. “–” = no available information.
First degree family member.
CDR‐SOB scores are available in 55 out of 60 patients.
FTLD‐CDR‐SOB scores are available in 37 out of 60 patients.
MMSE scores are available in 49 out of 60 patients.
MoCA scores are available in 44 out of 60 patients.
Plasma NfL levels are available in 30 out of 60 patients.
CSF NfL levels are available in 14 out of 60 patients.