FIGURE 7.

Neuromuscular adaptation to training. The number of activated motor units, their firing frequency, as well as size and contractile properties of the muscle fibers determine total force-generating capacity. In trained individuals, neural adaptations include an increased excitatory drive that can lead to an elevated firing frequency and higher number of activated motor units. In addition, the enhanced activation of agonists, synergists, and stabilizers together with the reduced coactivation of antagonists contribute to the increased force production after training. For many of these adaptations only data in rodent models exist, and/or controversial findings in humans have been reported. NMJ, neuromuscular junction. Illustration of person was created by kjpargeter/Freepik. Image created with BioRender.com, with permission.