Table 2.

Alternative functions of inflammasome molecules in autoimmunity.

Inflammasome involved	Alternative mechanism	Associated diseases
ASC	Affects Th17, IL-1β maturation	MS
NLRP3	↑Th2 differentiation	MS
	↑TGF-β signaling	SLE
AIM2	↓Microglia inflammation	MS
	↑AIM2 in astrocytes in EAE model Maintains Foxp3+Treg function Regulates Th1/Th17 differentiation
	↑Tfh differentiation	SLE
	↑AIM2 in GC B cell, memory B cells, and plasma cells from SLE patients

Multiple sclerosis (MS); experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE); systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE); germinal center (GC).

“↑” indicates increased activity of a given molecule. “↓” indicates reduced activity of a given molecule.