Figure 2. Dementia Hazard by Majority Glycated Hemoglobin (HbA_1c) Exposure by Race and Ethnicity and Sex.

Cox proportional hazards regression adjusted for age (as time scale), baseline hyperglycemic and hypoglycemic events, myocardial infarction, peripheral artery disease, neuropathy, nephropathy, stroke, and retinopathy. Dementia hazard for race and ethnicity × HbA_1c interactions: less than 6%, P = .07; 6% to less than 7%, P = .74; 7% to less than 8%, P = .33; 8% to less than 9%, P = .06; 9% to less than 10%, P = .27; 10% or greater, P = .03. To convert percentage of total hemoglobin to proportion of total hemoglobin, multiply by 0.01.