Table 5.
Women economic rights and growth (OLS and MLE results for high- and low-income countries)
| Low income | High | High | High | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Women economic rights | 0.204 | 0.606*** | 0.570*** | 0.449** |
| (0.239) | 0.188 | 0.171 | (0.175) | |
| Lag of log GDP per capita | −1.874*** | −1.491*** | −2.341*** | −2.294*** |
| (0.289) | −0.233 | −0.288 | (0.331) | |
| Trade | 0.019*** | 0.0150*** | 0.0224*** | 0.0208*** |
| 0.005 | 0.003 | 0.003 | 0.003 | |
| Consumption expenditure | −0.075*** | −0.0692*** | −0.0653*** | |
| 0.009 | −0.0094 | 0.009 | ||
| Life expectancy | 0.096*** | 0.00586 | ||
| 0.017 | 0.023 | |||
| Human rights variable | ||||
| Disappearance | Yes | – | – | Yes |
| Extrajudicial killing | Yes | – | – | Yes |
| Political imprisonment | Yes | – | – | Yes |
| Torture | Yes | – | – | Yes |
| Freedom of assembly and association | Yes | – | – | Yes |
| Regional dummies | Yes | – | – | Yes |
| Time dummies | Yes | Yes | ||
| Constant | 13.68*** | 13.60*** | 26.38*** | 25.28*** |
| (2.358) | (2.111) | (3.07) | (2.943) | |
| Observations | 2896 | 2860 | 2860 | 2860 |
| R2 | 0.77 | 0.79 | 0.77 | 0.78 |
Robust standard errors in parentheses by using MLE method of estimation
*, ** and *** represent the level of significance at 1%, 5% and 10% p
Panel dimension: time = 1960–2016, countries: 171 in total
High-income group = 46, low-income group (lower middle + low income) = 88
Definition of human rights variables is given in the data section