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. 2023 Feb 15;12(4):e028713. doi: 10.1161/JAHA.122.028713

Figure 1. Study sample selection of patients diagnosed with cardiovascular disease (CVD), MarketScan Commercial Claims and Encounters database, January 2017 to June 2021.

Figure 1

The MarketScan Commercial Claims and Encounters database from January 1, 2017 to June 30, 2021 was used. Inpatient, outpatient, and emergency department visits were identified using International Classification of Diseases, Tenth Revision, Clinical Modification (ICD‐10‐CM) codes. ICD‐10‐CM codes of I00–I09 and I16–I78 were used to define the diagnosis of cardiovascular disease (CVD) (ICD‐10‐CM codes I00–I09, I16–I78), defined after excluding hypertension diagnosis alone (ICD‐10‐CM codes I10–I15) from CVD (ICD‐10‐CM codes I00–I78). ICD‐10‐CM code Z3A was used to exclude patients with pregnancy diagnoses. Patients with CVD were identified if inpatient or emergency department encounters contained at least 1 diagnosis of CVD, or at least 2 outpatient encounters contained the diagnosis of CVD with at least a 30‐day interval during the 2 years of lookback periods from January 1, 2017 to December 31, 2018. For the patients with CVD with capitated and noncapitated health insurance, the trend analysis was performed from January 1, 2019 to June 30, 2021. Patients were restricted with noncapitated health insurance for the cost calculations because of inaccurate payment information in capitated health insurance.