Table 4.
Sleep Timing Regularity and Associations With Subclinical Markers of CVD: the MESA Sleep Study (2010–2013)
| Sleep timing regularity (nightly within‐person SD) | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| ≤30 min | 31–60 min | 61–90 min | >90 min | |
| Prevalence ratio (95% CI) | ||||
| Coronary artery calcium (>0) | ||||
| n (%) | 234 (69.0) | 348 (64.1) | 223 (66.0) | 222 (67.5) |
| Model 1 | (Reference) | 1.02 (0.94–1.12) | 1.04 (0.94–1.15) | 1.08 (0.98–1.19) |
| Model 2 | (Reference) | 1.03 (0.94–1.12) | 1.04 (0.94–1.15) | 1.06 (0.96–1.17) |
| Model 3 | (Reference) | 1.04 (0.95–1.14) | 1.04 (0.94–1.14) | 1.05 (0.95–1.16) |
| Coronary artery calcium (>300) | ||||
| n (%) | 76 (22.4) | 114 (21.0) | 72 (21.3) | 80 (24.3) |
| Model 1 | (Reference) | 1.19 (0.93–1.52) | 1.15 (0.88–1.50) | 1.39 (1.07–1.82)* |
| Model 2 | (Reference) | 1.24 (0.97–1.57) | 1.19 (0.91–1.57) | 1.43 (1.10–1.86)* |
| Model 3 | (Reference) | 1.29 (1.01–1.65)* | 1.23 (0.93–1.62) | 1.39 (1.07–1.82)* |
| Carotid plaque | ||||
| n (%) | 240 (70.8) | 361 (64.6) | 230 (66.3) | 236 (68.8) |
| Model 1 | (Reference) | 0.98 (0.90–1.07) | 1.01 (0.91–1.11) | 1.05 (0.96–1.16) |
| Model 2 | (Reference) | 0.97 (0.89–1.06) | 1.00 (0.91–1.11) | 1.04 (0.94–1.14) |
| Model 3 | (Reference) | 0.98 (0.90–1.07) | 1.00 (0.90–1.10) | 1.02 (0.92–1.13) |
| Carotid IMT (>0.9) | ||||
| n (%) | 129 (39.6) | 176 (32.3) | 120 (35.7) | 108 (32.8) |
| Model 1 | (Reference) | 0.92 (0.77–1.09) | 0.96 (0.80–1.16) | 0.89 (0.73–1.08) |
| Model 2 | (Reference) | 0.90 (0.76–1.07) | 0.92 (0.76–1.11) | 0.87 (0.71–1.06) |
| Model 3 | (Reference) | 0.93 (0.78–1.10) | 0.94 (0.78–1.13) | 0.85 (0.69–1.05) |
| Ankle‐brachial index (<0.9) | ||||
| n (%) | 18 (4.4) | 31 (4.4) | 21 (4.9) | 33 (7.4) |
| Model 1 | (Reference) | 1.13 (0.64–1.99) | 1.23 (0.67–2.26) | 1.68 (0.97–2.93) |
| Model 2 | (Reference) | 1.08 (0.61–1.90) | 1.25 (0.69–2.27) | 1.72 (0.98–3.01) |
| Model 3 | (Reference) | 1.12 (0.64–1.98) | 1.18 (0.64–2.17) | 1.58 (0.92–2.74) |
Coronary artery calcium, n=1549; carotid plaque n=1588; carotid IMT, n=1535; ankle‐brachial index, n=1989. Model 1: age, sex, race and ethnicity, site. Model 2: M1+ education, income, work schedule, smoking status, alcohol consumption, physical activity, and body mass index; model 3: M2+systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, antihypertension medication use, statin medication use, low‐density lipoprotein cholesterol, high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol, prevalent diabetes. CVD indicates cardiovascular disease; IMT, intima‐media thickness; and MESA, Multi‐Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis.
*
P value <0.05.