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. 2023 Apr 18;21:264. doi: 10.1186/s12967-023-04109-3

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© The Author(s) 2023

Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data.

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Fig. 1 — Correlation between ILA, IAA, IAld levels with intestinal I/R injury. A-C The level of ILA (A), IAA (B), IAld (C) in cecal contents from the sham mice and mice undergoing intestinal I/R injury (n = 4). D-F Correlation analysis between preoperatively fecal contents of ILA (D), IAA (E), IAld (F) levels and LIFE score in CPB surgery patients (n = 12). G-I Correlation analysis between preoperatively fecal contents of ILA (G), IAA (H), IAld (I) levels and serum I-FABP levels of patients after surgery (T1) as compared to preoperatively (T0) (n = 12). J-L Correlation analysis between pre-operative fecal content of ILA (J), IAA (K), IAld (L) levels and serum D-lactate levels of patients after surgery (T1) as compared to preoperatively (T0) (n = 12). Results were presented as mean ± SEM. The statistical tests used included: two-tailed student’s t-test in A–C and Spearman’s correlation coefficients in D–L. ** p < 0.01