Fig. 5.

ILA protected intestinal organoids against H/R injury in vitro. A YAP mRNA expression in intestinal organoids (n = 6/group). B Representative images of protein levels in intestinal organoids (Four independent experiments). C-D YAP downstream gene Cyr61 (C), Ctgf (D) expression in intestinal organoids (n = 6/group). E ELISA analysis of the cytokine TNF-α and IL-6 in the supernatant medium (n = 4/group). F Relative LDH levels in the supernatant medium (n = 4–5/group). G Immunofluorescence of YAP and Ki67 in intestinal organoids frozen sections, TUNEL staining in intestinal organoids frozen sections. H-J Quantification of YAP protein expression (H), Ki67⁺ cells (I) and TUNEL⁺ cells (J) in organoids (n = 3/group). Results are presented as mean ± SEM. The statistical tests employed included: one-way ANOVA followed by the Tukey test for multiple comparisons in A, C, D–F and H–J. * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01, *** p < 0 .001, **** p < 0 .0001