Table 4.
Inferential statistics of the ANCOVA test per protocol
| Variable | Group (N) | Pre-test Mean ± SD |
Post-test Mean ± SD |
Mean differences [95% CI] | p value | Hedges’ g |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| VAS (mm) | CG (27) | 50 ± 11 | 21 ± 13 | -29 [-34 to -24] | p < 0.001 | 0.99 |
| EG (28) | 50 ± 10 | 10 ± 7 | -40 [-42 to -37] | |||
| NDI | CG (27) | 10.9 ± 5 | 5.9 ± 4.6 | -5 [-6.1 to -3.8] | p < 0.001 | 1.2 |
| EG (28) | 11.1 ± 4.3 | 1.8 ± 0.9 | -9.3 [-10.8 to -7.8] | |||
| fSF-36 | CG (27) | 40.6 ± 6.3 | 41.9 ± 5.2 | 1.3 [0.6 to 2.1] | p = 0.021 | -1.84 |
| EG (28) | 40.2 ± 7.1 | 44.9 ± 6.2 | 4.8 [4.1 to 5.6] | |||
| pSF-36 | CG (27) | 57 ± 4 | 57.2 ± 3.7 | 0.2 [-0.8 to 1.2] | p = 0.814 | 0.02 |
| EG (28) | 56.6 ± 3.5 | 56.8 ± 3.9 | 0.2 [-1.5 to 1.8] | |||
| TSK-11 | CG (27) | 27.7 ± 5.3 | 24.9 ± 5.7 | -2.9 [-4.4 to -1.3] | p < 0.001 | 2 |
| EG (28) | 27.9 ± 4.8 | 17 ± 2.5 | -10.8 [-12.4 to -9.3] |
N: sample; SD: standard deviation; CI: Confidence Interval; CG: control group; EG: experimental group; VAS: Visual Analogue Scale; p: p value; NDI: Neck Disability Index; fSF-36: physical Short-Form Health Survey-36; pSF-36: psychosocial Short-Form Health Survey-36; TSK-11: Tampa Scale of Kinesiophobia.