Extended Data Table 2:

Chemically defined food “Part 2” mixture

Part 2
Category	Ingredient	Amount of stock per liter
Base	Buffer	100 ml
Amino Acids	Arginine	10 mL
	Cysteine	10 mL
	Glutamate	10 mL
	Glycine	10 mL
	Lysine	10 mL
	Proline	10 mL
	Serine	10 mL
	Alanine	50 mL
	Asparagine	50 mL
	Aspartate	50 mL
	Glutamine	50 mL
	Leucine	50 mL
	Tryptophan	50 mL
Vitamin Solution	see Part 1	21 mL
Folic Acid	Folic Acid	1 mL
Other Nutrients Solution	see Part 1	8 mL
Preservatives	Propionic acid	6 mL
	methyl 4-hydroxybenzoate	15 mL